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Propylene Glycol, CAS 57-55-6 — chemical product label

Propylene Glycol

PG

CAS 57-55-6 EC 200-338-0 C3H8O2 Alcohol CLP Danger
MolGod_SDSCARD_1
REACH 2020/878
v1 · 22.09.2026

Specification

Product NamePropylene Glycol
Other NamesPG
CAS No.57-55-6
EINECS No.200-338-0
MFC3H8O2
Molecular weight76.09
Purity99.50%
AppearanceColorless liquid
Density1.036 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting point-59 °C
Boiling point188°C
Flashing point214°F

Values are typical for the standard grade. Tighter specifications are available — state the target in your inquiry and we confirm against the production batch.

Hazard classification

GHS pictogram GHS07 — Irritant / harmful GHS pictogram GHS08 — Health hazard

Danger

Classification source — PubChem C&L (consensus filter, not harmonised)

No harmonised entry exists for this substance; the classification shown is the supplier consensus reported to ECHA and should be confirmed for your intended use.

  • H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness
  • H370 Causes damage to organs
  • H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Precautionary statements (12)
  • P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray
  • P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray
  • P264 Wash thoroughly after handling
  • P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product
  • P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area
  • P304+P340
  • P308+P316
  • P319
  • P321 Specific treatment
  • P403+P233
  • P405 Store locked up
  • P501 Dispose of contents/container to an approved waste collection point

Packaging and shipping

Drum215 kg
IBC Drum1127 kg
ISO tank (20ft)24–26 m³
ISO tank (40ft)48–50 m³
Propylene Glycol
Propylene Glycol
Propylene Glycol
Propylene Glycol
Propylene Glycol

Propylene Glycol Product Introduction Our Propylene Glycol (PG) is a colorless, odorless, hygroscopic organic compound belonging to the glycol family. It is widely used in industrial and commercial applications due to its excellent hygroscopicity, high boiling point, reliable chemical stability, low volatility and low toxicity.Our PG features strong moisture absorption capability and outstanding solvent properties, with mild nature, making it an ideal raw material for formulations in cosmetics, food & pharmaceuticals, industrial coatings and more.

Propylene glycol(PG) Multi-functional Solution | Covers cosmetics, food, pharma and industrial fields | Customizable specifications, stable supply chain guaranteePropylene glycol(PG) Multi-functional Solution | Covers cosmetics, food, pharma and industrial fields | Customizable specifications, stable supply chain guarantee

Propylene glycol(PG) Multi-functional Solution | Covers cosmetics, food, pharma and industrial fields | Customizable specifications, stable supply chain guarantee

Product Description

Propylene Glycol (PG) is a colorless, transparent, viscous liquid with a wide range of industrial and commercial applications, mainly used as a solvent, humectant, antifreeze agent and chemical raw material.

The main application areas of Propylene Glycol include:

Cosmetics & Personal Care

• Humectant & Emollient: Serves as a moisturizing ingredient in emulsions, shampoos, bath products, etc., helping to retain skin moisture and improve skin feel.

• Solvent & Penetration Enhancer: Acts as an excellent solvent for fragrances and active ingredients in perfumes and skincare products, enhancing product stability and skin permeability.

• Carrier Solvent: Used in hair care solutions, skin cleansing solutions, hand and body care products, etc.

Food Industry

• Food Additive: Functions as a solvent and humectant for synthetic food flavors.

• Texture Modifier: Applied in candies, baked goods, and beverages to maintain product texture and prevent drying.

• Flavor Solvent: Dissolves and stabilizes various flavor components, extending the retention of aroma.

Pharmaceutical Industry

• Pharmaceutical Solvent: Serves as a solvent and carrier in liquids, injections, and external ointments, facilitating the dissolution and absorption of drug ingredients.

• Humectant: Exhibits good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low irritation, suitable for topical preparations such as ointments and suppositories.

• Excipient: Used in oral liquids and syrups to improve taste and formulation stability.

Other Industrial Applications

• Slow-Drying Solvent: Utilized in paints, varnishes, and printing inks to improve spreadability and gloss.

• Plasticizer & Resin Raw Material: Enhances the flexibility, cold resistance, and impact resistance of coatings and inks; also a key raw material for unsaturated polyester resins and polyurethanes.

• Antifreeze Agent: Applied in automotive antifreeze fluids and airport de-icing solutions to lower the freezing point of aqueous solutions.

• Tobacco Humectant: Used in tobacco products to maintain moisture in tobacco shreds and improve smoking taste.

SEO Title (≤65 characters)

Propylene Glycol (PG)_Industrial/Food/Pharma Grade_Solvent & Humectant Manufacturer Supply

Propylene glycol(PG) Multi-functional Solution | Covers cosmetics, food, pharma and industrial fields | Customizable specifications, stable supply chain guarantee

Propylene glycol(PG) Multi-functional Solution | Covers cosmetics, food, pharma and industrial fields | Customizable specifications, stable supply chain guarantee

Delivery&Payment method

Propylene glycol(PG) Multi-functional Solution | Covers cosmetics, food, pharma and industrial fields | Customizable specifications, stable supply chain guarantee

Frequently asked

In what packaging is Propylene Glycol shipped?

Standard formats are Drum (215 kg), IBC Drum (1127 kg), ISO tank (20ft) (24–26 m³), ISO tank (40ft) (48–50 m³). Other packaging can be arranged for full-container orders.

Is a safety data sheet available for Propylene Glycol?

Yes, on request. Safety data sheets are issued per grade and destination market; state the country of import in your inquiry.

What purity do you supply?

The standard grade is 99.50%. Tighter specifications are confirmed against the production batch before shipment.

Technical reading on Propylene Glycol

Glycol ethers in de-icing fluids

Propylene glycol ethyl ether is not the freezing-point depressant in an anti-freeze fluid. Here is what a glycol…

Article

Where diethylene glycol comes from, and how it travels

Diethylene glycol is a co-product of ethylene glycol manufacture, so it exists in volume whether anyone orders it…

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Buying propylene glycol ethyl ether: a specification guide

What to fix in writing before a purchase order for propylene glycol ethyl ether leaves your desk: isomers,…

Article

Diethylene glycol: uses and the identity risk

Diethylene glycol (CAS 111-46-6): industrial uses, and the substitution risk that makes substance identity worth testing.

Article

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🧬 Visualiseur de molécule 3D
Chargement de la molécule...
Modèle 3D Propylene Glycol, CAS 57-55-6, formule brute C3H8O2, masse molaire 76.09 g/mol

Données transcrites à partir de registres réglementaires et de la littérature spécialisée, avec indication de la source et de l'édition. Elles ne remplacent pas la fiche de données de sécurité du fournisseur. Les champs sans source enregistrée sont signalés comme tels.

📊 Données physicochimiques — CAS 57-55-6MolGod_PROPHUB_MAIN
📊 Propriétés physicochimiques

Aperçu rapide

Formule : C3H8O2
MW : 76.09 g/mol
CAS : 57-55-6

Propriétés détaillées

A supplement to the „Physicochemical properties (database)” table below — repeated values are shown only once.

Propriété Valeur Unité Conditions Source
Indice de réfraction (nD) 1.4326[1][2] 20 °C, D-line Yaws Handbook 2nd ed. (2014)
🔬 Propriétés avancées

Identifiants chimiques

SMILES: CC(CO)O

Sources de données : Yaws Handbook 2nd ed. (2014)

Dernière mise à jour : non confirmée

📚 Références scientifiques (Chicago Author-Date) (2 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ dotyczy: Indice de réfraction (nD)
  2. Yaws, C.L. Thermophysical Properties of Chemicals and Hydrocarbons. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier (Gulf Professional Publishing), 2014. dotyczy: Indice de réfraction (nD)
Aperçu chimique: Propylene GlycolMolGod_OVERVIEW_1
Formule bruteC3H8O2[1]
Masse moléculaire76.09 g/mol[1]
Point de fusion-60 °C[1][2]
Point d'ébullition188.2 °C (760 mmHg)[2][3]
Densité1.0361 g/cm³[1][2][3]
LogP (lipophilie)-0.92[1]
pKa14.89
Nom IUPACpropane-1,2-diol[1]
SMILESCC(CO)O[1]
InChIKeyDNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1]

Synonymes: propylene glycol · 1,2-propanediol · 57-55-6 · propane-1,2-diol · 1,2-Propylene glycol

Sources de données : PubChem (NLM/NIH), Yaws Handbook 2nd ed. (2014)
Dernière mise à jour : 2026-09-21

📚 Références scientifiques (Chicago Author-Date) (3 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ dotyczy: Formule brute · Masse moléculaire · Point de fusion · Densité · LogP (lipophilie) · Nom IUPAC · SMILES · InChIKey
  2. Yaws, C.L. Thermophysical Properties of Chemicals and Hydrocarbons. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier (Gulf Professional Publishing), 2014. dotyczy: Point de fusion · Point d'ébullition · Densité
  3. DECHEMA, PTB, and BAM. CHEMSAFE - Database of Evaluated Safety Characteristics for the Avoidance of Explosions. Frankfurt am Main: DECHEMA e.V.; Braunschweig/Berlin: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt and Bundesanstalt fur Materialforschung und -prufung. ↗ dotyczy: Point d'ébullition · Densité

RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE

[1]Europe PMC2023
Molecular-Level Interactions in Binary Mixtures of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Ethylsulfate and Propane-1,2-diol: The Interplay between Intermolecular and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding.
(2023). "Molecular-Level Interactions in Binary Mixtures of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Ethylsulfate and Propane-1,2-diol: The Interplay between Intermolecular and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding.". h
Accéder à l'étude complète ↗
[2]Doaj2023
3-(2-Chloro-5-methylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol
Alexander A. Bredikhin, Zemfira A. Bredikhina, Aida I. Samigullina et al.. (2023). "3-(2-Chloro-5-methylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol". Molbank. https://doi.org/10.3390/M1624
Accéder à l'étude complète ↗
[3]Europe PMC2022
Synthesis and Hydrophilicity Analysis of bis(propane-1,2-diol) Terminated Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs).
(2022). "Synthesis and Hydrophilicity Analysis of bis(propane-1,2-diol) Terminated Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs).". https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030753
Accéder à l'étude complète ↗
[4]PubMed2021
The Additive Influence of Propane-1,2-Diol on SDS Micellar Structure and Properties.
Gudelj M, Šurina P, Jurko L et al.. (2021). "The Additive Influence of Propane-1,2-Diol on SDS Micellar Structure and Properties.". Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules261
Accéder à l'étude complète ↗
[5]Europe PMC2018
Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol (E 1520) as a food additive.
et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol (E 1520) as a food additive.". https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5235
Accéder à l'étude complète ↗
[6]Europe PMC2018
Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids (E 477) as a food additive.
et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids (E 477) as a food additive.". https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5497
Accéder à l'étude complète ↗
[7]PubMed2018
Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol alginate (E 405) as a food additive.
EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), Younes M, Aggett P et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol alginate (E 405) as a food additive.". EFSA journal. Europe
Accéder à l'étude complète ↗
[8]Europe PMC2017
Validated method for the determination of propane-1,2-diol, butane-2,3-diol, and propane-1,3-diol in cheese and bacterial cultures using phenylboronic esterification…
et al.. (2017). "Validated method for the determination of propane-1,2-diol, butane-2,3-diol, and propane-1,3-diol in cheese and bacterial cultures using phenylboronic esterification and GC-MS.". http
Accéder à l'étude complète ↗
📚 Références scientifiques (Chicago Author-Date) 20 refs · 4 baz

MOLECULE Bibliographie par CAS (en direct depuis 13+ bases de données)

Sources : db:Europe PMC (15) · db:doaj (1) · db:pubmed (2) · db:crossref (2)

  1. db:Europe PMC (2023). "Molecular-Level Interactions in Binary Mixtures of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Ethylsulfate and Propane-1,2-diol: The Interplay between Intermolecular and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c03457 →
  2. db:doaj Alexander A. Bredikhin, Zemfira A. Bredikhina, Aida I. Samigullina et al.. (2023). "3-(2-Chloro-5-methylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol". Molbank. https://doi.org/10.3390/M1624 →
  3. db:Europe PMC (2022). "Synthesis and Hydrophilicity Analysis of bis(propane-1,2-diol) Terminated Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs).". https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030753 →
  4. db:pubmed Gudelj M, Šurina P, Jurko L et al.. (2021). "The Additive Influence of Propane-1,2-Diol on SDS Micellar Structure and Properties.". Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123773 →
  5. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol (E 1520) as a food additive.". https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5235 →
  6. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids (E 477) as a food additive.". https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5497 →
  7. db:pubmed EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), Younes M, Aggett P et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol alginate (E 405) as a food additive.". EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5371 →
  8. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2017). "Validated method for the determination of propane-1,2-diol, butane-2,3-diol, and propane-1,3-diol in cheese and bacterial cultures using phenylboronic esterification and GC-MS.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.069 →
  9. db:crossref José J. Cano-Gómez, Gustavo A. Iglesias-Silva, Luis D. Cortez-Sánchez et al.. (2017). "Densities and Viscosities for Binary Liquid Mixtures of Butan-1-ol + Propane-1,2-diol, + Butane-1,2-diol and 2-Methylpropan-1-ol + Propane-1,2-diol, + Butane-1,2-diol from 298.15 to 333.15 K at 0.1 MPa". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.7b00621 →
  10. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2015). "Solubility and thermodynamic behavior of vanillin in propane-1,2-diol+water cosolvent mixtures at different temperatures.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.113 →
  11. db:crossref Changsheng Yang, Xue Feng, Yankai Sun et al.. (2015). "Isobaric Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for Two Binary Systems{Propane-1,2-diol + Ethane-1,2-diol and Propane-1,2-diol + Butane-1,2-diol} at p = (10.0, 20.0, and 40.0) kPa". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. https://doi.org/10.1021/je5010824 →
  12. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2012). "3-(4-(tert-Octyl)phenoxy)propane-1,2-diol suppresses inflammatory responses via inhibition of multiple kinases.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2012.02.018 →
  13. db:Europe PMC (2005). "Synthesis and stability studies of the glutathione and N-acetylcysteine adducts of an iminoquinone reactive intermediate generated in the biotransformation of 3-(N-phenylamino)propane-1,2-diol: implications for toxic oil syndrome.". https://doi.org/10.1021/tx050171n →
  14. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2005). "Novel mutual pro-drugs of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine with 3-octadecyloxy-propane-1,2-diol by straightforward enzymatic regioselective synthesis in acetone.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-004-7335-1 →
  15. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2002). "The crystal structure of coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase in complex with cobalamin and propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03151.x →
  16. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2002). "Occurrence of 3-chloro-propane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and related compounds in foods: a review.". https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210132391 →
  17. db:Europe PMC et al.. (1996). "Cryopreservation of human skin with propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1006/cryo.1996.0056 →
  18. db:Europe PMC (1990). "Cryopreservation of human platelets with propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(90)90004-n →
  19. db:Europe PMC et al.. (1987). "Perfusion of rabbit kidneys with solutions containing propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(87)90045-9 →
  20. db:Europe PMC et al.. (1982). "A pharmacological study of propane-1,2-diol.".
Statut réglementaire de la substance
Cette substance est soumise à des exigences réglementaires : gestion des déchets dangereux (BDO). Détails dans la section « Statut réglementaire (REACH/ECHA/CLP) » et sur la FDS. Information réglementaire — ne restreint pas l'achat dans la boutique.
🧮 Calculateur stœchiométriqueMolGod_STOICH_1
🧪 Données chimiquesMolGod_CHEMDATA_1
Numéro CAS
57-55-6
Formule brute
C3H8O2
Masse molaire
76.09 g/mol
Nom IUPAC (EN)
propane-1,2-diol
SMILES
CC(CO)O
InChIKey
DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
📚 Scientific literature (20 articles)MolGod_LITSCI_1
Filtrer :
Trier :
📈 Chronologie des publications
1982
1987
1990
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2002
2005
2012
2015
2017
2018
2021
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2023
📡 Data sourcesMolGod_SOURCES_1

The data in this widget comes from the following verified scientific sources:

  • PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/NIH), USA
  • ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), UK
  • NIST WebBook — National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA

Data is cached locally for speed — the widget also works offline.

⚗️ Physicochemical propertiesMolGod_PHYSTAB_2
Temp. wrzenia
186.9
Density
1.04

Source: PubChem, NIST WebBook. Last updated: date not confirmed

🔍 Identifiants externesMolGod_EXTID_1
15 sur 16 systèmes d'ID94%
Base de donnéesIdentifiantActions
CAS Registry Number57-55-6Ouvrir →
PubChem CID1030[1]Ouvrir →
InChIKeyDNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1]Ouvrir →
InChIInChI=1S/C3H8O2/c1-3(5)2-4/h3-5H,2H2,1H3[1]
SMILESCC(CO)O[1]
EC Number200-338-0[2]Ouvrir →
ChEMBLCHEMBL286398[3]Ouvrir →
DrugBankDB01839Ouvrir →
KEGG CompoundD00078Ouvrir →
HMDBHMDB0001881Ouvrir →
ChemSpider13835224[4]Ouvrir →
MeSH UID (NLM)D019946Ouvrir →
UNII (FDA)6DC9Q167V3Ouvrir →
NSC Number (NCI)69860Ouvrir →
WikiData QIDQ161495Ouvrir →

Sources : PubChem (NIH), Wikidata SPARQL, KEGG, ChEMBL (EBI), CompTox CTX (EPA).

📚 Références scientifiques (Chicago Author-Date) (4 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ dotyczy: PubChem CID · InChIKey · InChI · SMILES
  2. ECHA. EC Inventory — EINECS, ELINCS, NLP and List Numbers assigned under REACH. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency. ↗ dotyczy: EC Number
  3. ChEMBL. European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), bioactivity database. ↗ dotyczy: ChEMBL
  4. ChemSpider. Royal Society of Chemistry, chemical structure database. ↗ dotyczy: ChemSpider

Dalsza literatura

Publications thematically related to this CAS. They are not the source of any value given on this card.

Bibliographie (étendue) (1)

  1. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 LIBRE ❓ non vérifié Anonymous. 2001. "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG-25 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-75 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-120 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-10 Propylene Glycol, PEG-8 Propylene Glycol Cocoate, and PEG-55 Propylene Glycol Oleate." International Journal of Toxicology 20 (6): 13-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/10915810152902556. lien [consulté: 2026-09-21]
📡 Spectroscopie — CAS 57-55-6MolGod_SPECHUB_MAIN
📊 Bases de données de spectres spectroscopiques — données inline 9 sources MolGod_SPECDB_2

Les spectres sont récupérés à la demande depuis 9 sources. Chaque spectre est enregistré dans notre base — la prochaine ouverture = zéro requête vers l'API externe. Téléchargez JCAMP-DX / CSV / PNG pour chaque spectre sans avoir à chercher.

IR IR (Infrared) — NIST WebBook
Public domain (US Federal)
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— points
📚 NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69
MS (NIST) Mass Spectrum (EI) — NIST WebBook
Public domain (US Federal)
▶ Cliquez pour charger le spectre
🔗 Source
— points
📚 NIST Standard Reference Database 1A
UV-Vis UV/Visible Absorption — NIST WebBook
Public domain (US Federal)
▶ Cliquez pour charger le spectre
🔗 Source
— points
📚 NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69
¹H NMR NMR (¹H, ¹³C) — NMRShiftDB
CC-BY-SA 4.0
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🔗 Source
— points
📚 Steinbeck C et al. (2003) J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 43(1):10–16 DOI: 10.1021/ci025588g
MS (MoNA) MoNA — MassBank of North America
CC-BY 4.0
▶ Cliquez pour charger le spectre
🔗 Source
— points
📚 MassBank of North America (UC Davis) DOI: 10.1002/jms.1777
IR/NMR/MS (SDBS) SDBS — Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (Japan AIST)
Free for non-commercial

Source de référence — pas d'API publique. Ouvrir dans une base externe :

🔗 IR/NMR/MS (SDBS) →
📚 SDBSWeb: https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp (AIST, Japan)
JP Monograph Japanese Pharmacopoeia — Monographs
Reference only

Source de référence — pas d'API publique. Ouvrir dans une base externe :

🔗 JP Monograph →
📚 Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th Edition (2021)
WHO INN WHO — International Nonproprietary Names
WHO Model Lists (free)

Source de référence — pas d'API publique. Ouvrir dans une base externe :

🔗 WHO INN →
📚 WHO INN Programme
DOAJ DOAJ — Directory of Open Access Journals
OA journal index (mixed)

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🔗 DOAJ →
📚 DOAJ — doaj.org

Les données sont récupérées une seule fois (analyseur JCAMP-DX) et enregistrées dans la base locale de l'extension. Aucun téléchargement en double, aucune requête NIST lors des ouvertures suivantes. Licences respectées (seuls un lien profond et notre propre visualisation sont publiés).

🔬 Spectres interactifs (live — NIST / MoNA / NMRShiftDB / SDBS) (2)

Données récupérées en direct depuis plusieurs sources (priority-chain). JCAMP-DX / CSV / PNG disponibles au téléchargement sous chaque spectre. ⓘ Source unique ★★☆☆☆ ⓘ Source unique ★★☆☆☆

IR — infrarouge à transformée de Fourier

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MS — spectrométrie de masse (EI 70eV)

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Propriétés structurellesMolGod_STRUCT3D_1

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❓ Questions fréquentes (3)MolGod_FAQ_1
What is 57-55-6?
57-55-6 (CAS 57-55-6) is a chemical compound. The chemical data comes from PubChem (National Institutes of Health, USA).
Utile ?
What is the CAS number of 57-55-6?
The CAS number for 57-55-6 is 57-55-6. A CAS Registry Number is the standard identifier for a chemical substance in scientific literature and in trade.
Utile ?
How should 57-55-6 be stored?
57-55-6 should be stored as its safety data sheet directs \— typically in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place, away from heat and from materials it is incompatible with.
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➕ Proposer une question
Télécharger les fichiers de structureMolGod_STRDL_1

Fichiers de structure moléculaire issus de la base PubChem (NIH). Compatibles avec les logiciels : Avogadro, PyMOL, Jmol, ChemDraw.

Source : PubChem, National Library of Medicine (NIH). CID: 1030

🔄 Convertisseur d'unités de concentration LIVE MolGod_UNITCONV_1

Saisissez la concentration Propylene Glycol dans n'importe quelle unité — le reste sera calculé automatiquement.

MW : 76.09 g/mol · IUPAC Gold Book ↗

⚗️ Formules de conversion + citations (par formule)
ConversionFormulePrécisionSource
% (w/v) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (% × 10) / MW±0.5% rel. when density ≈ 1.0 g/mLIUPAC (2019)
millimolar ↔ molarc (mol/L) = mM × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
molarity (mol/L)c = n/V = (m/MW)/V±0.1% (depends on MW precision)IUPAC (2019)
parts per million (mg/L) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = ppm / (1000 × MW); equivalently ppm = mg/L for dilute aqueous±1% (density-independent for dilute solutions)IUPAC (2019)
mg/mL ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (mg/mL × 1000) / MW / 1000 = mg/mL / MW × 1±0.2%Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
g/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (g/L) / MW±0.1% (depends on MW precision)Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
mmol/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = mmol/L × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
Celsius ↔ KelvinT(K) = t(°C) + 273.15±0.01 K (ITS-90 scale)BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019)
Celsius ↔ FahrenheitT(°F) = T(°C) × 9/5 + 32±0.1 °FThompson A, Taylor BN (2008)
density-corrected % ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (%w/w × ρ × 10) / MW, ρ in g/mL±0.1% when ρ known to 3 decimalsCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
📚 Bibliographie (8 sources faisant autorité)
  1. Thompson A, Taylor BN (2008). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). NIST Special Publication 811 · DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.811-2008
    → Primary SI standard for US scientific usage
  2. Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry — The IUPAC Green Book. RSC Publishing, 3rd ed. · DOI: 10.1039/9781847557889 · ISBN: 978-0-85404-433-7
    → Canonical IUPAC guide for chemistry quantities/units
  3. BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019). The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition. BIPM · ↗
    → International SI definitions (incl. redefined kilogram 2019)
  4. ISO/IEC (2022). Quantities and units — Part 1: General. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-1:2022 · ↗
    → General rules for physical quantities and units
  5. ISO/IEC (2019). Quantities and units — Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-9:2019 · ↗
    → Concentration / molality / amount-of-substance conventions
  6. Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN (2021). CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018. Rev. Mod. Phys. 93(2):025010 · DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010
    → Avogadro, gas constant, molar volume (2019 SI revision)
  7. IUPAC (2019). Compendium of Chemical Terminology — the IUPAC Gold Book (online). IUPAC · DOI: 10.1351/goldbook
    → Definitions of mass fraction, molality, normality, ppm, activity
  8. Mills IM, Cvitaš T, Homann K, Kallay N, Kuchitsu K (1988). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1st ed. · ISBN: 0-632-01773-5
    → Historical predecessor of IUPAC Green Book
Structures moléculaires similairesMolGod_SIMSTR_1

Chargement des structures similaires...

🧪 Assistant de préparation de solution WIZARD MolGod_PREP_1
① Sélectionnez la concentration
② Volume cible
③ Solvant

Calculs selon : IUPAC Gold Book ↗, Merck ↗

Chimie computationnelleMolGod_COMPCHEM_1

Chargement des données de calcul...

🛡️ Sécurité — CAS 57-55-6MolGod_SAFEHUB_MAIN
Avis sur les limitations des données. Les informations de sécurité figurant sur cette page sont fournies à titre indicatif et ne remplacent pas une fiche de données de sécurité (SDS) complète. Avant d'utiliser le produit, consultez la fiche de données de sécurité actuelle du fabricant ainsi que les directives GHS/CLP. La classification CLP s'applique à la substance pure en vrac, et non aux préparations commerciales.

Classification GHS/CLP — Règlement (CE) n° 1272/2008 + UN GHS Rev. 9 (2021).

⚠️ Danger
GHS07 — Irritant / nocif
GHS07 Irritant / nocif
GHS08 — Danger pour la santé
GHS08 Danger pour la santé

🚨 Mentions de danger (H)

  • H336 — Peut provoquer somnolence ou vertiges.
  • H370 — Risque avéré d'effets graves pour les organes.
  • H372 — Risque avéré d'effets graves pour les organes à la suite d'expositions répétées ou d'une exposition prolongée.

🛡 Conseils de prudence (P)

  • P260 — Ne pas respirer les poussières/fumées/gaz/brouillards/vapeurs/aérosols.

⚠ Classification basée sur un consensus de sources (PubChem / déclarations des fournisseurs) — non vérifiée par rapport à la classification harmonisée de l'annexe VI (CLP). L'étendue des dangers peut être plus large que la classification officielle ; avant utilisation, vérifier avec la fiche de données de sécurité actuelle du fournisseur.

Traductions : Règlement CLP (CE) 1272/2008, Annexe III et IV. Données : PubChem/NLM.

📚 Références scientifiques consolidées — Chicago auteur-date 10 sources

Références collectées dans tous les onglets du Safety Hub. CAS : 57-55-6 · PubChem ↗

  1. Parlament Europejski i Rada UE. 2008. "Rozporządzenie (WE) nr 1272/2008 w sprawie klasyfikacji, oznakowania i pakowania substancji (CLP)." Dz.Urz. UE L 353. [↗] GHS, Réglementations
  2. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2021. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Ninth Revised Edition." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] GHS
  3. Goldfrank, Lewis R., Robert S. Hoffman, Mary Ann Howland, et al.. 2019. "Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11th ed.." McGraw-Hill Education, New York. ISBN 978-1-25-985961-8. Pierwsza pomoc, Toksykologia
  4. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2023. "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS Publ. 2005-149)." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services / CDC, Cincinnati, OH. [↗] Pierwsza pomoc, PPE, Toksykologia
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms." CEN, Brussels. [↗] PPE
  6. UNECE. 2023. "European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR 2025)." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] Utylizacja, Regulacje
  7. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2022. "NFPA 400 — Hazardous Materials Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. [↗] Magazynowanie
  8. Urben, P.G. (ed.). 2017. "Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th ed.." Butterworth-Heinemann / Elsevier, Oxford. [↗] Magazynowanie
  9. Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska RP. 2023. "Baza danych o produktach i opakowaniach oraz o gospodarce odpadami (BDO)." Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska, Warszawa. [↗] Utylizacja
  10. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC / WHO). 2024. "IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans — List of Classifications." WHO, Lyon. [↗] Toksykologia

Les onglets possédant leurs propres références (Emergency, PPE, Storage, Waste) contiennent des entrées bibliographiques supplémentaires au sein de leurs sections respectives.

📈 Statistiques analytiques (test t · RSD · Grubbs · Q-Dixon) ICH Q2

Collez une série de mesures répétées (CSV ou un nombre par ligne). Le calculateur calculera la moyenne, l'écart-type, l'IC à 95 %, et détectera les valeurs aberrantes (Grubbs + Dixon Q).

Séparateur : virgule, espace, tabulation, nouvelle ligne. Min. 3 mesures.
📐 Formules statistiques
  • x̄ = Σxᵢ / n — moyenne arithmétique
  • s² = Σ(xᵢ - x̄)² / (n-1) — variance de l'échantillon
  • s = √s² — écart-type
  • RSD% = (s / x̄) × 100% — écart-type relatif
  • CI₉₅ = x̄ ± t(0.05, n-1) × s / √n — Student's t
  • G = |xᵢ - x̄| / s — test de Grubbs
  • Q = |xsuspect - xnearest| / |xmax - xmin| — Dixon Q-test

Source : ICH Q2(R2) Validation of Analytical Procedures · ICH PDF ↗

🧪 Calculateur de recettes de tampons UNIQUE
Références : Valeurs de pKa issues de Goldberg NIST 81 · CRC Handbook 100th ed. · Stoll & Blanchard 1990 (DOI)

Choisissez un tampon dans la liste de 20 systèmes courants → saisissez le pH cible → vous obtiendrez une recette exacte avec les masses à peser.

Étape 1 : Choisissez un système tampon

📜 Historique des recettes (10 dernières)
Statut pharmacologique

Badania kliniczne Faza 3

Phase I
Phase II
Phase III
Approuvé

Phase III — études comparatives multicentriques sur une large population.

ChEMBL CHEMBL286398 ↗

Bibliographie (étendue) (1)

  1. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 LIBRE ❓ non vérifié Anonymous. 2001. "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG-25 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-75 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-120 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-10 Propylene Glycol, PEG-8 Propylene Glycol Cocoate, and PEG-55 Propylene Glycol Oleate." International Journal of Toxicology 20 (6): 13-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/10915810152902556. lien [consulté: 2026-09-21]
📅 Project Planner — Gestionnaire d'expériences de laboratoire NOUVEAU

Planifiez l'ensemble de votre projet de laboratoire : ajoutez des expériences avec réactifs, réplicats et durée. Vous obtiendrez un diagramme de Gantt, une liste d'achats (avec des liens vers la boutique !), un budget avec une marge de 10 % et une matrice de risques GHS.

🧪 Solubilité et compatibilité avec les solvants MolGod_SOLUB_1
Molécule
Propylene Glycol
Formule
C3H8O2
logP (XLogP3)
-0.90
Masse (g/mol)
76.09
Polarité
Hydrophile (polaire)

⚠️ Estimation HSP (littérature / contribution de groupes). Données indicatives — ne remplacent pas les études expérimentales.

Ra < R₀ = good miscibility · Ra < 1,5×R₀ = borderline · above = poor (R₀ — radius of the Hansen sphere of this molecule) For this molecule R₀ = 9..

Solvant Compat. Ra Visuel GC-MS HPLC Applications Références
Water (H₂O)miscible21.9
✗ NieA (aqueous) (RP)
buffercell cultureanalyticalextraction (hydrophilic)
Ethanol (EtOH)+ Bonne3.2
✗ NieA/B modifier (RP/NP)
extractionspectroscopy (UV-Vis)synthesisHPLC modifier
Methanol (MeOH)+ Bonne4.0
✗ NieA/B (RP) (RP)
HPLC (eluent)LC-MSKarl FischerUV-transparent to 205 nm
Acetone− Faible14.5
✗ NieB modifier (NP)
GC headspacecrystallisationdegreasingsynthesis
Acetonitrile (ACN)− Faible17.3
✗ NieB (RP) (RP)
HPLC eluent (gold standard)LC-MS (low UV cut-off, 190 nm)peptide analysis
DMSO~ Moy.13.0
✗ NieN/A (N/A)
NMR (d6-DMSO)cell biology (cryopreservation)drug deliverysynthesis
THF− Faible14.1
✗ NieB (NP) (NP)
GPC/SEC (polymer analysis)Grignard synthesisorganometallics
DCM (CH₂Cl₂)− Faible16.0
✓ TakB (NP) (NP)
extractionNP-HPLCGC-MScrystallisation (anti-solvent)
Chloroform (CHCl₃)− Faible17.3
✓ TakN/A (toxic) (N/A)
NMR (CDCl3)lipid extraction (Folch method)NP-TLC
Hexane− Faible24.0
✓ TakA (NP) (NP)
NP-HPLCoil extraction (lipids)GC-MSTLC (NP)
Toluene− Faible21.4
✓ TakB (NP) (NP)
NMR (d8-toluene)synthesisazeotropic drying (Dean-Stark)
📚 Références scientifiques pour les solvants (Chicago Author-Date) — cliquez pour développer

11 solvents · 54 full citations (NIST/CRC/IARC/Hansen/Reichardt/Smallwood/Wypych/Armarego/Snyder/GESTIS) — below.

Water (H₂O)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Water (CAS 7732-18-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 104th ed., Sec. 8 (Properties of Water)
  3. IAPWS — IAPWS Release on Static Dielectric Constant of Water
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Water
Ethanol (EtOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Ethanol (CAS 64-17-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Ethanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — Ethanol eluotropic
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Ethanol
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Ethanol
Methanol (MeOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Methanol (CAS 67-56-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Methanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — MeOH eluotropic, eo=0.95
  4. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Methanol
Acetone
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetone (CAS 67-64-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetone physical & thermodynamic constants
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Acetone (dD=15.5, dP=10.4, dH=7.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Acetone
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetone
Acetonitrile (ACN)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetonitrile (CAS 75-05-8)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetonitrile constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — ACN gold-standard HPLC eluent
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — ACN dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetonitrile
DMSO
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — DMSO (CAS 67-68-5)
  2. Wypych 2019 — Handbook of Solvents Vol. 1 — DMSO comprehensive properties
  3. Hansen 2007 — HSP — DMSO (dD=18.4, dP=16.4, dH=10.2)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DMSO E_T(30)=45.1, dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — DMSO
THF
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — THF (CAS 109-99-9)
  2. Armarego 2009 — Purification of Laboratory Chemicals — THF drying & peroxide test
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — THF (dD=16.8, dP=5.7, dH=8.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — THF
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Tetrahydrofuran
DCM (CH₂Cl₂)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Dichloromethane (CAS 75-09-2)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — DCM (Group 2A carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — DCM (dD=18.2, dP=6.3, dH=6.1)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DCM polarity index
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Dichloromethane
Chloroform (CHCl₃)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Chloroform (CAS 67-66-3)
  2. IARC 73 — IARC Monograph 73 — Chloroform (Group 2B carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — CHCl3 (dD=17.8, dP=3.1, dH=5.7)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — CHCl3 H-bond donor strength
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Chloroform
n-Hexane
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — n-Hexane (CAS 110-54-3)
  2. ATSDR n-Hexane — ATSDR Toxicological Profile for n-Hexane — neuropatia obwodowa (n-Heksan NIE jest kancerogenem IARC)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — n-Hexane (dD=14.9, dP=0, dH=0)
  4. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — n-Hexane NP standard, eo=0.00
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — n-Hexane
Toluene
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Toluene (CAS 108-88-3)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — Toluene
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Toluene (dD=18.0, dP=1.4, dH=2.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Toluene
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Toluene
Théorie de la solubilité (appliquée à la prédiction de la compatibilité) :
  1. Yalkowsky, Samuel H., and Shri C. Valvani. 1980. "Solubility and Partitioning I: Solubility of Nonelectrolytes in Water." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 69 (8): 912–922. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600690814 — General Solubility Equation (GSE): logS = 0.5 − logP − 0.01(MP−25).
  2. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook. 2nd ed. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420006834 — Triplet HSP (dD, dP, dH) + formule Ra.
  3. Stefanis, E., and C. Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." Int J Thermophys 29: 568–585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z
  4. Reichardt, Christian, and Thomas Welton. 2011. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry. 4th ed. Wiley-VCH. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527632220 — E_T(30) polarity scale, solwatochromia.
  5. Snyder, Lloyd R., Joseph J. Kirkland, and John W. Dolan. 2010. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography. 3rd ed. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470508183 — Eluotropic series, polarity index.
  6. Van Krevelen, D. W., and K. Te Nijenhuis. 2009. Properties of Polymers. 4th ed. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-054819-7.X0001-5 — Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen group contribution dla dD/dP/dH z SMILES.
  7. Marcus, Yizhak. 1998. The Properties of Solvents. Wiley Series in Solution Chemistry, Vol. 4. ISBN 9780471983699 — Ensemble tabulaire complet de 250+ solvants (ε, μ, donicité, nombres accepteurs).
  8. PubChem Compound Database — CAS 57-55-6 lookup ↗ — logP (XLogP3), water solubility experimental + predicted.

Bibliographie complète dans l'accordéon RÉFÉRENCES (en bas de la page) — Chicago Manual of Style 17th ed., Author-Date.

⚗️ Vérifier la compatibilité de la réaction MolGod_RXNCOMP_1
3 0 0
Santé : 3/4
Inflammabilité : 0/4
Réactivité : 0/4
Selon NFPA 704 / calculé à partir des codes H

Vérifiez si Propylene Glycol est compatible avec un autre réactif

📦 Matrice de compatibilité de stockage
Acides Bases Oxydants Inflammable Toxique Gazy
Acides ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Bases ✗ ✓ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠
Oxydants ✗ ⚠ ✓ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Inflammable ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✓ ⚠ ✗
Toxique ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ✓ ⚠
Gazy ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✓
✓ Stockage commun possible · ⚠ Prudence · ✗ NE PAS stocker ensemble · OSHA Chemical Segregation ↗

Données de compatibilité issues de : Bretherick's Handbook (7th ed.) ↗, GESTIS ↗, ECHA REACH ↗, NFPA 704 ↗

🧮 Calculateurs de laboratoire (8) MolGod_LABCALC_1
Dilution (C₁V₁=C₂V₂)
Molarité (M=n/V)
Tampon pH (Henderson-Hasselbalch)
Beer-Lambert (A=εcl)
Masse → Moles
Concentration % → M
ppm → mg/L
Température C↔F↔K

Formules vérifiées : IUPAC Gold Book ↗, DOI ↗

📊 Bases de spectres spectroscopiques MolGod_SPECDB_3
📋 Générateur de protocole de laboratoire MolGod_PROTOCOL_1

Protocole généré à partir de : GHS SDS, Aldrich Lab Guide ↗

🏷️ Générateur d'étiquette (QR) MolGod_LABEL_1
Propylène glycol• propylene glycol / 1,2-propanediol• IUPAC: propane-1,2-diol• CAS: 57-55-6• EC: 200-338-0• Formule: C3H8O2• Masse: 76.09 g/molDANGERMENTIONS DE DANGER GHS :(auto-classification des fournisseurs — non contraignante)H336 H370 H372P260Réservé à un usage en laboratoire !Anhui Eapearl Chemical Co., Ltd.12th Floor, Tongguan Number Valley, Tongling, Anhui, China+86 186 5620 1888[email protected]epchems.com
Deskryptory Lipinskiego (struktura)

Diagramme radar de drug-likeness (Lipinski Ro5 / Veber). Zone verte = conformité aux critères.

Données prédictives — propriétés calculées in silico (SMILES/RDKit). Elles ne remplacent pas les études cliniques. Ne pas utiliser pour l'évaluation des médicaments sans vérification expérimentale.

MW76.1LogP-0.9HBD2HBA2RotB1TPSA40.5 Ų
✓ Lipinski Ro5✓ Veber✓ Egan✗ Ghose (MW=76, LogP=-0.9)✗ REOS (MW=76)✓ Lead-like Ro3
PropriétéValeurÉvaluation
Absorption (GI)élevée✓
Perméabilité BHEoui (traverse)
Biodisponibilité (Daina 2017)
55%
CYP450 profileCYP1A2 non-inhibitorCYP2C9 non-inhibitorCYP2C19 non-inhibitorCYP2D6 non-inhibitorCYP3A4 non-inhibitor
Alertes PAINS0✓
Alertes Brenk0✓
pKa (pH 7.4)7 (heuristic)
hERG (cardiotox.)✓ non
Substrat de la P-gp—
Mutagénicité Ames✓ non
DILI (hépatotox.)—
LogS (solub. aq.)—
Sources (méthodologie ADMET)
  1. Lipinski, Christopher A., Franco Lombardo, Beryl W. Dominy, and Paul J. Feeney. 1997. "Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 23 (1-3): 3-25.
  2. Veber, Daniel F., Stephen R. Johnson, Hung-Yuan Cheng, et al. 2002. "Molecular properties that influence the oral bioavailability of drug candidates." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 45 (12): 2615-2623.
  3. Daina, Antoine, Olivier Michielin, and Vincent Zoete. 2017. "SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness." Scientific Reports 7: 42717.
  4. Egan, William J., and Gregory Lauri. 2002. "Prediction of intestinal permeability." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 54 (3): 273-289.
  5. Baell, Jonathan B., and Georgina A. Holloway. 2010. "New substructure filters for removal of pan assay interference compounds (PAINS) from screening libraries." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 53 (7): 2719-2740.
  6. Brenk, Ruth, Alessandro Schipani, Daniel James, et al. 2008. "Lessons learnt from assembling screening libraries for drug discovery for neglected diseases." ChemMedChem 3 (3): 435-444.
  7. Ertl, Peter, and Ansgar Schuffenhauer. 2009. "Estimation of synthetic accessibility score of drug-like molecules based on molecular complexity and fragment contributions." Journal of Cheminformatics 1: 8.
  8. Bickerton, G. Richard, Gaia V. Paolini, Jérémy Besnard, Sorel Muresan, and Andrew L. Hopkins. 2012. "Quantifying the Chemical Beauty of Drugs." Nature Chemistry 4 (2): 90-98.
  9. Hopkins, Andrew L., and Colin R. Groom. 2002. "The Druggable Genome." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 1 (9): 727-730.
  10. Ghose, Arup K., Vellarkad N. Viswanadhan, and John J. Wendoloski. 1999. "A Knowledge-Based Approach in Designing Combinatorial or Medicinal Chemistry Libraries for Drug Discovery." Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry 1 (1): 55-68.
  11. Tice, Raymond R., Christopher P. Austin, Robert J. Kavlock, and John R. Bucher. 2013. "Improving the Human Hazard Characterization of Chemicals: A Tox21 Update." Environmental Health Perspectives 121 (7): 756-765.
  12. Leeson, Paul D., and Brian Springthorpe. 2007. "The Influence of Drug-Like Concepts on Decision-Making in Medicinal Chemistry." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 6 (11): 881-890.
  13. Hann, Michael M. 2011. "Molecular Obesity, Potency and Other Addictions in Drug Discovery." MedChemComm 2 (5): 349-355.
  14. Davies, Mark, Michał Nowotka, George Papadatos, et al. 2015. "ChEMBL Web Services: Streamlining Access to Drug Discovery Data and Utilities." Nucleic Acids Research 43 (W1): W612-W620.
  15. Walters, W. Patrick, and Mark A. Murcko. 2002. "Prediction of 'Drug-Likeness.'". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 54 (3): 255–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-409X(02)00003-0.
  16. Congreve, Miles, Robin Carr, Christopher Murray, and Harren Jhoti. 2003. "A 'Rule of Three' for Fragment-Based Lead Discovery?" Drug Discovery Today 8 (19): 876–877. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6446(03)02831-9.
  17. Brenk, Ruth, Alessandro Schipani, Daniel James, Agata Krasowski, Iain Hugh Gilbert, Julie Frearson, and Paul Graham Wyatt. 2008. "Lessons Learnt from Assembling Screening Libraries for Drug Discovery for Neglected Diseases." ChemMedChem 3 (3): 435-444.
  18. Schomburg, Karen T., Sascha Bietz, Hans Briem, Andrea M. Henzler, Stefan Urbaczek, and Matthias Rarey. 2014. "Facing the Challenges of Structure-Based Target Prediction by Inverse Virtual Screening." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 54 (6): 1676-1686.
  19. Bemis, Guy W., and Mark A. Murcko. 1996. "The Properties of Known Drugs. 1. Molecular Frameworks." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 39 (15): 2887-2893.
  20. Schomburg, Karen T., and Matthias Rarey. 2014. "What Is the Potential of Structure-Based Target Prediction Methods?" Future Medicinal Chemistry 6 (17): 1987-1989.
  21. (2023). "Molecular-Level Interactions in Binary Mixtures of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Ethylsulfate and Propane-1,2-diol: The Interplay between Intermolecular and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c03457
  22. Alexander A. Bredikhin, Zemfira A. Bredikhina, Aida I. Samigullina et al.. (2023). "3-(2-Chloro-5-methylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol". Molbank. https://doi.org/10.3390/M1624
  23. (2022). "Synthesis and Hydrophilicity Analysis of bis(propane-1,2-diol) Terminated Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs).". https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030753
  24. Gudelj M, Šurina P, Jurko L et al.. (2021). "The Additive Influence of Propane-1,2-Diol on SDS Micellar Structure and Properties.". Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123773
  25. et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol (E 1520) as a food additive.". https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5235
  26. et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids (E 477) as a food additive.". https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5497
  27. EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), Younes M, Aggett P et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol alginate (E 405) as a food additive.". EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5371
  28. et al.. (2017). "Validated method for the determination of propane-1,2-diol, butane-2,3-diol, and propane-1,3-diol in cheese and bacterial cultures using phenylboronic esterification and GC-MS.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.069
  29. José J. Cano-Gómez, Gustavo A. Iglesias-Silva, Luis D. Cortez-Sánchez et al.. (2017). "Densities and Viscosities for Binary Liquid Mixtures of Butan-1-ol + Propane-1,2-diol, + Butane-1,2-diol and 2-Methylpropan-1-ol + Propane-1,2-diol, + Butane-1,2-diol from 298.15 to 333.15 K at 0.1 MPa". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.7b00621
  30. et al.. (2015). "Solubility and thermodynamic behavior of vanillin in propane-1,2-diol+water cosolvent mixtures at different temperatures.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.113
  31. Changsheng Yang, Xue Feng, Yankai Sun et al.. (2015). "Isobaric Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for Two Binary Systems{Propane-1,2-diol + Ethane-1,2-diol and Propane-1,2-diol + Butane-1,2-diol} at p = (10.0, 20.0, and 40.0) kPa". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. https://doi.org/10.1021/je5010824
  32. et al.. (2012). "3-(4-(tert-Octyl)phenoxy)propane-1,2-diol suppresses inflammatory responses via inhibition of multiple kinases.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2012.02.018
  33. (2005). "Synthesis and stability studies of the glutathione and N-acetylcysteine adducts of an iminoquinone reactive intermediate generated in the biotransformation of 3-(N-phenylamino)propane-1,2-diol: implications for toxic oil syndrome.". https://doi.org/10.1021/tx050171n
  34. et al.. (2005). "Novel mutual pro-drugs of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine with 3-octadecyloxy-propane-1,2-diol by straightforward enzymatic regioselective synthesis in acetone.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-004-7335-1
  35. et al.. (2002). "The crystal structure of coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase in complex with cobalamin and propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03151.x
  36. et al.. (2002). "Occurrence of 3-chloro-propane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and related compounds in foods: a review.". https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210132391
  37. et al.. (1996). "Cryopreservation of human skin with propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1006/cryo.1996.0056
  38. (1990). "Cryopreservation of human platelets with propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(90)90004-n
  39. et al.. (1987). "Perfusion of rabbit kidneys with solutions containing propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(87)90045-9
  40. et al.. (1982). "A pharmacological study of propane-1,2-diol.".
  41. Anonymous. 2001. "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG-25 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-75 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-120 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-10 Propylene Glycol, PEG-8 Propylene Glycol Cocoate, and PEG-55 Propylene Glycol Oleate." International Journal of Toxicology 20 (6): 13-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/10915810152902556. [DOI ↗]
  42. Bolton, Evan E., Yanli Wang, Paul A. Thiessen, and Stephen H. Bryant. 2008. "PubChem: Integrated Platform of Small Molecules and Biological Activities." Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry 4: 217-241. [DOI ↗]
  43. Kim, Sunghwan, Jie Chen, Tiejun Cheng, et al. 2023. "PubChem 2023 update." Nucleic Acids Research 51 (D1): D1373-D1380. [DOI ↗]
  44. Kim, Sunghwan, Tiejun Cheng, Jianyong He, Chen Cheng, et al. 2021. "PubChem Protein, Pathway, Reaction, and Disease Specifications." Journal of Cheminformatics 13: 16. [DOI ↗]
  45. Hähnke, Volker D., Sunghwan Kim, and Evan E. Bolton. 2018. "PubChem chemical structure standardization." Journal of Cheminformatics 10: 36. [DOI ↗]
  46. Wang, Yanli, Stephen H. Bryant, Tiejun Cheng, Jiyao Wang, et al. 2017. "PubChem BioAssay: 2017 update." Nucleic Acids Research 45 (D1): D955-D963. [DOI ↗]
  47. Cheng, Tiejun, et al. 2014. "Computation of Octanol-Water Partition Coefficients by Guiding an Additive Model with Knowledge." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 54 (3): 793-805. [DOI ↗]
  48. Wilkinson, Mark D., et al. 2016. "The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship." Scientific Data 3: 160018. [DOI ↗]
  49. Hersey, Anne, et al. 2015. "Chemical databases: curation or integration by user-defined equivalence?" Drug Discovery Today: Technologies 14: 17-24.
  50. Yu, Dale K., Sawchuk, Ronald J.. 1987. "Pharmacokinetics of propylene glycol in the rabbit." Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics 15 (5): 453-471. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01061757. [DOI ↗]
  51. United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine. 1997. "Propylene Glycol." Agency for Toxic Substances Disease Registry, Division of Toxicoloy and Environmental Medicine, Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. ↗
  52. Veber, Daniel F., Stephen R. Johnson, Hung-Yuan Cheng, Brian R. Smith, Keith W. Ward, and Kenneth D. Kopple. 2002. "Molecular Properties That Influence the Oral Bioavailability of Drug Candidates." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 45 (12): 2615-2623.
  53. ECHA. 2024. "REACH Guidance." European Chemicals Agency. ↗
  54. Groom, Colin R., Ian J. Bruno, Matthew P. Lightfoot, and Suzanna C. Ward. 2016. "The Cambridge Structural Database." Acta Crystallographica Section B 72 (2): 171-179. ↗
🧪 Assistant de préparation de solution (Smart Prep) MolGod_PREP_2

Saisissez ce que vous souhaitez préparer — je générerai un SOP

Exemples ci-dessous — cliquez pour insérer :
Recettes prédéfinies :
📚 Aperçu de la littérature scientifique — CAS 57-55-6MolGod_LITHUB_MAIN
⭐ Principales découvertes (littérature scientifique) 15 publications
🏆 CAS 57-55-6 — multi-criteria ranking (W12): 30% citations · 20% actualité · 20% thème · 15% historique · 15% open access.
  1. #1
    et al. (2002) · European Journal of Biochemistry
    Pourquoi c'est important : Open access
    SCORE 9.54 Mécanisme Citations: 78 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  2. #2
    Lan-Hee Yang; Kyeong Eun Park; Sungho Yoon (2022) · Materials
    Pourquoi c'est important : Open access
    SCORE 8.88 Mécanisme Citations: 2 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  3. #3
    Gudelj M, Šurina P, Jurko L et al. (2021) · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
    Pourquoi c'est important : Open access
    SCORE 8.16 Mécanisme Citations: 3 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  4. #4
    Alexander A. Bredikhin, Zemfira A. Bredikhina, Aida I. Samigullina et al. (2023) · Molbank
    Pourquoi c'est important : Récente (2023) · open access
    SCORE 7.75 Mécanisme Open Access DOI ↗
  5. #5
    Md. Ahad Ali; Md. Abu Bin Hasan Susan (2023) · ACS Omega
    Pourquoi c'est important : Récente (2023) · open access
    SCORE 7.58 Mécanisme Citations: 2 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  6. #6
    et al. (2017) · Food Chemistry
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 6.83 Analytique Citations: 5 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  7. #7
    et al. (2002) · Food Additives and Contaminants
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 6.53 Mécanisme Citations: 80 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  8. #8
    et al. (2012) · Biochemical Pharmacology
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 5.92 Mécanisme Citations: 31 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  9. #9
    et al. (2015) · Food Chemistry
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 5.83 Mécanisme Citations: 14 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  10. #10
    Anna Martínez-Cabot; Anna Morató; Angel Messeguer (2005) · Chemical Research in Toxicology
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 4.24 Mécanisme Citations: 13 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  11. #11
    et al. (1987) · Cryobiology
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 3.34 Pharmacologie Citations: 12 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  12. #12
    et al. (1982)
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 3.34 Mécanisme Citations: 12 PubMed ↗
  13. #13
    et al. (1996) · Cryobiology
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 3.12 Mécanisme Citations: 10 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  14. #14
    F.G. Arnaud; D.E. Pegg (1990) · Cryobiology
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 3 Mécanisme Citations: 9 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  15. #15
    et al. (2005) · Biotechnology Letters
    Pourquoi c'est important : Sélectionné par un score multicritère (citations + actualité + thème + historique + OA).
    SCORE 2.61 Mécanisme Citations: 3 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
🔬 HPLC — méthodes et paramètres — CAS 57-55-6MolGod_HPLCHUB_MAIN
📈 Gradient HPLC — optimiseur (LSS) MODÈLE

Gradient basé sur PubChem XLogP3 + LSS (Snyder et al. 2010, chap. 9).

  • Colonne: C18
  • Tampon: phosphate
  • Débit: 1 mL/min
  • logP: -0.9 (PubChem XLogP3)
  • Rampe: 5% → 95% B, 10 min
  • Temps d'analyse total: 23 min
t (min) %A %B flow (mL/min) Commentaire
0 95 5 1 début (équilibre)
2 95 5 1 fin du palier initial
12 5 95 1 fin de la rampe LSS
17 5 95 1 lavage de la colonne
18 95 5 1 retour à init
23 95 5 1 rééquilibrage
📚 Références scientifiques (Chicago Author-Date)
  1. Snyder, Lloyd R., John W. Dolan, and Joseph J. Kirkland. 2010. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography. Wiley. — Chapter 9 — gradient elution, LSS theory (cited as Snyder et al. 2010 in tool description).
  2. Schoenmakers, Peter J. 1986. Optimization of Chromatographic Selectivity: A Guide to Method Development. Elsevier. — Numerical optimization of gradient programs.
  3. Snyder, L. R., and J. W. Dolan. 2007. High-Performance Gradient Elution: The Practical Application of the Linear-Solvent-Strength Model. Wiley. — Foundational LSS reference for the %B_init = 5 + 8·logP heuristic implemented here.
  4. Nikitas, Pavlos, and Adrian Pappa-Louisi. 2009. "Retention models for isocratic and gradient elution in reversed-phase liquid chromatography." Journal of Chromatography A 1216: 1737-1755. [DOI ↗] — Modern review of gradient retention models — basis for non-LSS extensions.
  5. Carr, Peter W.. 2009. "The new physical chemistry of HPLC." Journal of Chromatography A 1216: 1764-1772. [DOI ↗]
  6. Dong, Michael W. 2019. HPLC and UHPLC for Practicing Scientists. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119313793. — Modern UHPLC gradient programming, sub-2 µm scaling rules.
  7. Wu, Naijun, and Anton M. Clausen. 2007. "Fundamental and practical aspects of ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography for fast separations." Journal of Separation Science 30: 1167-1182. [DOI ↗]
  8. Stoll, Dwight R., and Peter W. Carr. 2017. "Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography: A State of the Art Tutorial." Analytical Chemistry 89: 519-531. [DOI ↗] — Reference for orthogonal gradient design (2D-LC second dimension).
  9. Dolan, John W.. 2013. "When to Modify Method Conditions." LCGC North America 31: 192-199.
  10. Meyer, Veronika R. 2010. Practical High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Wiley. — Chapter 7 — practical gradient design with isokratyczny scouting.

REST: /wp-json/molgod/v1/hplc/gradient/57-55-6

📐 Dimensions de la colonne — calculateur de van Deemter N=12,466

Formule : H = A + B/u + C·u (Van Deemter et al. 1956), N = L/H, ΔP ≈ η·L·u / (K_p·dp²) (Knox 1977). u_opt = √(B/C) (Giddings 1965).

Dimensions150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm
Plateaux théoriques (N)12,466
N à u_opt12,500
HETP (actuelle)12.032 µm
Min. HETP12 µm
Vitesse linéaire (u)0.1003 cm/s
u_opt (van Deemter)0.12 cm/s
Contre-pression (ΔP)42.1 bar
Temps d'analyse (volume mort)2.49 min
📚 Références scientifiques (Chicago Author-Date)
  1. Van Deemter, J. J., F. J. Zuiderweg, and A. Klinkenberg. 1956. "Longitudinal diffusion and resistance to mass transfer as causes of nonideality in chromatography." Chemical Engineering Science 5: 271-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(56)80003-1 — Original van Deemter equation paper — basis of H = A + B/u + C·u in this calculator.
  2. Giddings, J. Calvin. 1965. "Dynamics of Chromatography, Part I: Principles and Theory.". Marcel Dekker. — Theoretical underpinning of HETP minimum and u_opt = sqrt(B/C).
  3. Poppe, Hans. 1997. "Some reflections on speed and efficiency of modern chromatographic methods." Journal of Chromatography A 778: 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00376-2 — Speed-efficiency Pareto plot — context for sub-2 µm UHPLC scaling.
  4. Wu, Naijun, and Anton M. Clausen. 2007. "Fundamental and practical aspects of ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography for fast separations." Journal of Separation Science 30: 1167-1182. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200700026 — UHPLC pressure scaling — extends Darcy ΔP formula to sub-2 µm particles.
  5. Carr, Peter W.. 2009. "The new physical chemistry of HPLC." Journal of Chromatography A 1216: 1764-1772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.094 — Modern reinterpretation of A, B, C terms (eddy diffusion vs. b-term).
  6. Knox, John H.. 1977. "Practical aspects of LC theory." Journal of Chromatographic Science 15: 352-364. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/15.9.352 — Reduced plate height equation h = a·v^(1/3) + b/v + c·v.
  7. Dong, Michael W.. 2019. "HPLC and UHPLC for Practicing Scientists.". Wiley (2nd ed.). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119313793 — Practical N targets vs particle size table (UHPLC method scaling).
  8. Snyder, L. R., J. J. Kirkland, and J. L. Glajch. 1997. "Practical HPLC Method Development.". Wiley (2nd ed.). — Column dimensioning rules of thumb (L, dp, dc) for given α and N.
  9. Engelhardt, Heinz. 2014. "100 Years of Chromatography.". Wiley-VCH (2nd ed.).
  10. Meyer, Veronika R.. 2010. "Practical High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.". Wiley (5th ed.).

REST: /wp-json/molgod/v1/hplc/column/57-55-6

🧪 Phase mobile — matrice de compatibilité MISCIBLE
Composant Nom Coupure UV (nm) P' Détecteurs
Solv. Acetonitrile (MeCN) 190 5.8 UV, MS, ELSD, RID, FLD
Solv. Water 190 10.2 UV, MS, ELSD, RID, FLD
Tampon Phosphate (KH2PO4 / K2HPO4) 195 pH 2.0-3.0 / 6.5-8.0 / 11.0-12.5 MS ✗

Détecteur: UV — compatible avec les deux solvants.

📚 Références scientifiques (Chicago Author-Date)
  1. Sadek, Paul C.. 2002. "The HPLC Solvent Guide.". Wiley-Interscience (2nd ed.).
  2. Snyder, L. R.. 1978. "Classification of the solvent properties of common liquids." Journal of Chromatographic Science 16: 223-234. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/16.6.223
  3. Reichardt, Christian, and Thomas Welton. 2010. "Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry.". Wiley-VCH (4th ed.).
  4. Vailaya, Anant, and Csaba Horváth. 1998. "Retention thermodynamics in hydrophobic interaction chromatography." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 37: 4040-4055. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie980212h
  5. Krstulović, Andrea M., and Phyllis R. Brown. 1981. "Reversed-phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.". Wiley.
  6. Snyder, L. R., J. J. Kirkland, and J. L. Glajch. 1997. "Practical HPLC Method Development.". Wiley (2nd ed.).
  7. Carr, Peter W.. 2009. "The new physical chemistry of HPLC." Journal of Chromatography A 1216: 1764-1772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.094
  8. Boysen, Reinhard I., and Milton T. W. Hearn. 2009. "Multi-modal HPLC of proteins." Journal of Chromatographic Science 47: 645-654. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/47.8.645
  9. Dong, Michael W.. 2019. "HPLC and UHPLC for Practicing Scientists.". Wiley (2nd ed.). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119313793
  10. Meyer, Veronika R.. 2010. "Practical High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.". Wiley (5th ed.).

REST: /wp-json/molgod/v1/hplc/mobile-phase?solvent_a=...&solvent_b=...

Guide complet de la méthode HPLC Évalué par les pairs

Scénarios spécifiques à la molécule, dépannage et références bibliographiques

Molecular Predictor

The predicted parameters for this molecule (CAS 57-55-6) are based on literature-backed models (Snyder-Dolan LSS, Neue pore-size rules).

Retention Time
-1.05 min
Range: 0.5 – -1.37
confidence: medium
Model: Snyder-Dolan LSS na kolumnie C18 150×4.6 mm, gradient 5→95% B w 15 min
UV λmax
210 nm
confidence: medium
No strong chromophore detected → 210 nm uniwersalne
Concentration
0.5 mg/mL
= 6.571 mM
confidence: high
Safe linear range detektora UV (nie przekroczy 1.5 AU)
Buffer pH
2
Range: 1.5 – 2.5
confidence: medium
Acid (pKa=0) → mobile phase pH 2 keeps the neutral form (better peak shape)
Injection Volume
20 μL
confidence: medium
Smaller volume for larger molecules (avoiding peak broadening)

⚠️ Predykcje oparte na modelach chemometrycznych — require validation against an actual measurement. Confidence: low/medium/high depending on the available descriptors.

Vrai problème de chimiste

Why does my chromatogram look like a cardiogram?

The baseline jumps ±10 mAU, you see peaks but also „humps" between them. Integration is impossible.

Comment nous résolvons cela

1

Exact Solvent List

Name + CAS + Grade + Role in method

2

Grade Explanations

HPLC vs LC-MS vs Far UV — when to use which

3

Consumption Calculator

4

Shopping List

One-click add to cart

Calculateur interactif

Deep Education

Comprendre la chimie de la phase mobile

Why Acetonitrile vs Methanol?
PropertyAcetonitrile (ACN)Methanol (MeOH)
Viscosity (20°C)0.37 cP0.59 cP (+59%)
Back Pressure~150 bar~210 bar (+40%)
UV Cutoff190 nm205 nm
Elution StrengthStrongerWeaker
Price (typical)115 PLN/L70 PLN/L (-39%)
Van Deemter Equation Impact

H = A + B/u + Cu

Higher viscosity (MeOH) → lower optimal flow rate → longer runtime.

Buffer Selection: Why NH₄HCO₃?
  • Volatile: MS-compatible (evaporates without residue)
  • pH range: 6.5–8.5 (ideal for most organic acids)
  • Shelf life: 4 weeks @ 4°C (make fresh weekly)
  • Concentration: 10 mM optimal (higher = ion suppression in MS)

Common Mistake: Using old buffer (>1 week room temp) = pH drift + microbial growth → ghost peaks.

Cost Savings Calculator

How much you save by using naszej metody zamiast alternatyw? Kwartalne koszty labu HPLC.

1. Solwenty — ACN vs MeOH

—
Nasza (ACN)Alternatywa (MeOH)
Cena/L115 PLN70 PLN
Runtime/sample23 min32 min (+40%)
Back pressure150 bar210 bar
Solwent/sample~130 mL~180 mL
Koszt/sample~5 PLN~4.5 PLN
Czas/sample23 min32 min
Czas pracy chemika——
Total/quarter——

2. Kolumna — z guard vs bez

—
Nasza (z guard)Bez guard
Guard column200 PLN / 100 inj—
Main column lifetime2000 inj500 inj
Columns / quarter——
Guards / quarter——
Downtime wymiany (h)——
Total/quarter——

3. Method development — SOP vs scratch

—
Nasza (SOP template)Custom dev
Initial setup1 h (use template)40 h (screening of phases, columns, gradients)
Walidacja (ICH Q2)8 h24 h
Dokumentacja2 h (edit template)16 h
Ryzyko OOS w Q1~2%~15%
Total (jednorazowo)——

4. Fast gradient (high-throughput) — ROI

—
Fast (5 min)Standard (23 min)
Runtime/sample5 min23 min
Samples/8h shift——
Shifts potrzebnych——
Koszt pracy——
Savings——
Total annual savings: —

Questions fréquemment posées

ACN: niższa lepkość (mniejsze ciśnienie), UV cutoff 190 nm. MeOH: 40% tańszy, ale wyższe ciśnienie +50 bar i UV cutoff 205 nm. Dla gradientu: ACN preferowany.

Source: Chromatography Forum

Dla logP= rekomendacja zależy: jeśli logP<2 (polarny) → MeOH retencja wystarczy; logP≥2 (niepolarny) → ACN daje lepszy peak shape. Dla tej molekuły (MW=76.09, CAS 57-55-6) zaczynaj od ACN w gradiencie 5→95% B.

Source: Snyder LSS Model

0.79 g NH₄HCO₃ (MW 79.06). Dissolve in 900 mL, make up to 1000 mL, check pH = 7.0±0.2.

Source: r/chemistry

NIE dla LC-MS (sole w wodzie dest. → piki duchów). OK dla UV-HPLC tylko jeśli filtrujesz 0.22 μm. Bezpiecznie: HPLC grade 9 zł/L.

Source: ResearchGate

Gradient Problem From The Lab

Rt shift between days (±0.3 min)

Every morning the first 5 injections have Rt 8.2 min. Then 8.5 min. Then 8.2 again the next day. Why?

Our Gradient Strategy

  • Initial hold 0–2 min @ 5% B — sample adsorbs on the head
  • Ramp 2–15 min do 95% B — linear, curve 6 (Empower)
  • Final hold 15–20 min @ 95% B — elute strongly retained
  • Re-equilibrate 20–23 min back to 5% B + 5 col.volumes

Gradient Visualizer

Gradient Timeline

#Time%B start%B endDurationSlope (Δ%B/min)Step

Slope & Dwell Volume Test

—
Slope (Δ%B/min)
—
Gradient volume (mL)
—
Dwell vol estimate (mL)
—
k*·t0 (dla Rs)

💡 Rule of thumb: slope 2-5 %B/min gives the best peak shape · dwell vol = empty tubing from the pump to the column (check a blank run without the column) · k*·t0 ≥ 3 dla Rs ≥ 2.0.

Snyder-Dolan LSS Model

Log k = log kw − S·φ, gdzie φ = fraction B. Optymalny gradient: Δφ ≈ 0.6–0.8 per 5 t0. Dla kolumny 250×4.6mm @ 1 mL/min → t0 ≈ 2 min → gradient 10–12 min.

Questions fréquemment posées

Linear = płynne odklejanie związku od kolumny = lepszy peak shape (Tf < 1.3). Step gradient daje shock waves = artifacts.

Source: Snyder Seminar

Heurystyka Snyder: Rt ≈ 2.5·logP + 1.2 min. Dla propane-1,2-diol (logP=) → szacunkowe Rt=— min. ±30% wariancja zależnie od dead volume i gradient slope. Walidacja: wstrzyknij standard 10 μg/mL, zmierz Rt rzeczywisty, dostosuj gradient.

Source: Predictive modeling

Heurystyka Snydera: start%B = (logP - 1) × 10. Dla logP=2 → start 10% B. Zawsze z 2 min isocratic hold aby pozwolić próbce zaadsorbować.

Source: LCGC

Column Choice Dilemma

What to set on the DAD for an unknown compound?

You do not know λ_max. The DAD covers 200–800 nm. Set it wide or narrow? Use bandwidth 4 or 16 nm?

Recommended Columns

A

Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18

150×4.6 mm · 3.5 μm · pH 2–9

B

Waters XBridge C18

150×4.6 mm · 3.5 μm · pH 1–12 (high pH)

C

Phenomenex Kinetex C18

100×4.6 mm · 2.6 μm core-shell · fast

Column Lifetime Rules

  • Clean samples: 2000–5000 injections
  • Biological matrix: 500–1000 injections
  • Crude extracts: 100–500 injections
  • Guard column = +4× main column lifetime

Questions fréquemment posées

C18 (18 węgli, bardziej lipofilowa) dla logP 0-5. C8 (8 węgli) dla bardzo polarnych (logP <0). C4 dla białek. Twój związek logP~2 → C18.

Source: Phenomenex Knowledge

Rule of thumb: analytes MW10000 (proteins) → pore 1000 Å. For MW=76.09 (CAS 57-55-6) use a standard C18 100 Å column.

Source: Phenomenex Guide

Mała kolumnka (2cm) PRZED główną. Łapie zanieczyszczenia. Koszt 200 PLN, wymiana co 100 wstrzyknięć. Oszczędność: 1600 PLN na lifetime głównej kolumny.

Source: Agilent App Notes

Detection Gotcha

First column connection — no leak

A C18 100×4.6 mm column straight out of the box. How to connect it without dismantling it and spilling ACN over the autosampler?

DAD Settings

ParameterValueWhy
Wavelength210 nm (primary) + 254 nm (aromatic)Uniwersalne dla COOH/C=O
Bandwidth4 nmBalance of sensitivity vs selectivity
Response time0.5 sZgodne z peak width ~5 s
Reference λ360 nm, bw 100 nmKompensacja baseline drift

Alternative Detectors

  • RID — for compounds without UV absorbance (sugars, polymers). Sensitivity x1000 lower.
  • ELSD — uniwersalny, ale destroys sample (niezgodny z MS).
  • LC-MS/MS — LOD 1 pg, strukturalna potwierdzenie via MRM.
  • CAD — charged aerosol, lepsze od ELSD dla lipid/polar.

Validation Reality Check

Lifetime management w GMP lab

Column after 1200 injections — peak shape degrades. When to replace it? How to document „column worthiness"?

USP <621> + ICH Q2(R1) Criteria

ParameterAcceptanceFormula
Resolution (Rs)≥ 2.02(tR2 − tR1) / (w1 + w2)
Tailing factor (Tf)≤ 1.5W0.05 / (2·f)
Plates (N)≥ 500016·(tR / w)²
RSD (6 injections)≤ 2.0%σ / μ × 100%
Linearity (R²)≥ 0.999080–120% spec, 5 levels

Pre-Flight SST Checklist

  • Inject the standard 6× in a row
  • Calculate Rs, Tf, N, RSD for each
  • ALL pass → proceed with samples
  • ANY fail → STOP, troubleshoot FIRST

Regulatory Compliance

The method was designed in accordance with the regulations below. Click a badge to see compliance details.

USP <621> Chromatography Compliant

United States Pharmacopeia General Chapter — requirements for HPLC systems.

  • Resolution (Rs) &geq; 2.0
  • Tailing factor (Tf) &leq; 2.0
  • Theoretical plates (N) &geq; 2000
  • Relative standard deviation (RSD) &leq; 2.0% (6 replicates)

Reference: USP-NF 2024, General Chapter <621> Chromatography

ICH Q2(R1) Method Validation Compliant

International Council for Harmonisation — walidacja metod analitycznych.

  • Specificity — baseline separation of all analytes
  • Linearity — R² &geq; 0.9990, 5 levels (80–120% of spec)
  • Accuracy — 98–102% recovery
  • Precision — RSD &leq; 2.0% (repeatability), &leq; 3.0% (intermediate)
  • Robustness — DoE across 5 factors (flow ±10%, temp ±5°C, pH ±0.2, %B ±2%, λ ±2 nm)

Reference: ICH Q2(R1) Validation of Analytical Procedures, 2005

EP 2.2.46 European Pharmacopoeia Compliant

European Pharmacopoeia — chromatographic separation techniques.

  • Harmonizowane z USP
  • System suitability identical do USP
  • Dopuszczalne substytucje kolumn per „same selectivity"

Reference: EP 11.0, Chapter 2.2.46

JP 2.00 Japanese Pharmacopoeia Compliant

Japanese Pharmacopoeia — aligned with USP/EP harmonisation after 2020.

  • Harmonizowane z USP post-2020
  • Japanese labs may require additional local validation

Reference: JP 18th Edition, General Chapter 2.00

FDA 21 CFR 211 cGMP Compliant

Current Good Manufacturing Practice for pharmaceutical products (USA).

  • §211.22 — QC unit responsibilities
  • §211.160 — laboratory controls
  • §211.165 — testing and release
  • §211.194 — laboratory records (complete + audit trail)
  • Data integrity per ALCOA+

Reference: 21 CFR Part 211 — Current Good Manufacturing Practice

ISO 17025 Testing Labs Aligned

International standard for the competence of testing laboratories.

  • Method validation per ISO 17025 §7.2
  • Measurement uncertainty udokumentowana
  • Traceability to SI units

Reference: ISO/IEC 17025:2017

Method Comparison Matrix

Comparison of our recommended method vs USP Monograph vs PubMed literature vs Vendor Application Note.

Parametr Nasza metoda ★ USP <621> Literatura Vendor (Agilent)
Kolumna Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 150×4.6 mm L1 (C18, bonded, 5 μm) n/a (brak PubMed refs dla tego CAS) Zorbax SB-C18 150×4.6 mm
Particle size 3.5 μm 5 μm (USP default) — 5 μm
Faza A 10 mM NH₄HCO₃ pH 7.0 Phosphate buffer pH 2.5 — 0.1% TFA w H₂O
Faza B Acetonitryl HPLC grade Acetonitryl / Methanol — Acetonitryl / 0.1% TFA
Gradient 5 → 95% B w 15 min (linear) Isocratic (preferowane w USP) — 10 → 90% B w 20 min
Flow 1.0 mL/min 1.5 mL/min — 1.0 mL/min
Temperatura 30°C 25°C — 40°C
Detekcja UV 210 nm + 254 nm UV 254 nm (standard USP) — DAD 210/254 nm
Runtime 23 min 30 min — 25 min
Rs (typ.) 2.3 ≥ 2.0 — 2.1
Walidacja USP <621> + ICH Q2(R1) USP <621> obligatoryjnie — Application note only
Solvent cost/run ~5 PLN/run ~7 PLN/run — ~6 PLN/run
Nasza = optymalizowana na koszt + czas + Rs ≥ 2.0 USP = pharmacopoeia reference (regulatory gold standard) Literatura = top-cited PubMed ref dla tego CAS Vendor = Agilent/Waters/Thermo application note

Interactive Troubleshooting Tree

Pick a symptom → see the most likely causes → click to see the fix.

Temperatura kolumny niestabilna 55%

Diagnoza: Column oven on? 30°C?

Fix: Turn the column thermostat on to 30°C.

⏰ 5 min warm-up ✓ 90% success rate
Wrong wavelength (254 nm vs 210 nm) 40%

Diagnoza: Method → DAD → Primary λ — check whether it is 210

Fix: Change the wavelength to 210 nm for compounds without aromatic rings.

⏰ 2 min ✓ 90% success rate
UV lamp not switched on 35%

Diagnoza: Status lampki na detektorze — zielona?

Fix: Turn on the lamp, wait 3-5 min for warm-up.

⏰ 5 min ✓ 95% success rate
Sample concentration too low 20%

Diagnoza: Is the sample >0.1 mg/mL?

Fix: Increase the concentration 10× to 1 mg/mL.

⏰ 10 min ✓ 85% success rate
Column clogged with particles 70%

Diagnoza: Do you filter samples through 0.22 μm?

Fix: Replace the column frit OR the guard column. In future, filter every sample.

⏰ 15 min 💵 200 PLN ✓ 75% success rate
Gradient za szybki 60%

Diagnoza: Jaki slope %B/min?

Fix: Zwolnij gradient: 13→56% B w 20 min zamiast 15 min.

✓ 80% success rate
Flow za wysoki 25%

Diagnoza: Flow 1.5 mL/min?

Fix: Zmniejsz do 0.8 mL/min.

✓ 70% success rate
Incorrect buffer pH 70%

Diagnoza: Zmierz pH bufora — 7.0±0.2?

Fix: Make fresh buffer 10 mM NH₄HCO₃ pH 7.0.

⏰ 15 min 💵 10 PLN ✓ 85% success rate
Column worn out 20%

Diagnoza: Number of injections? >2000?

Fix: Regeneruj: flush 100% ACN 30 min, potem 100% MeOH 30 min.

⏰ 1h 💵 20 PLN solvent ✓ 60% success rate
Overloading (too much sample) 10%

Diagnoza: Fronting + tailing at the same time? Concentration >5 mg/mL?

Fix: Reduce inj. vol 10→5 μL or dilute 2×.

⏰ 5 min ✓ 90% success rate

Questions fréquemment posées

Dla API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) typowo 98-102% label claim. Dla propane-1,2-diol (CAS 57-55-6) sprawdź: (1) USP monograph jeśli istnieje, (2) kompendium pharmacopoeia wewnętrzna, (3) ICH Q6A dla specyfikacji nowych substancji. Related substances ≤0.10% per ICH Q3A.

Source: ICH Q6A

USP : Rs ≥ 2.0. Fix: (1) wolniejszy gradient +30%, (2) niższy flow 0.8 mL/min, (3) dłuższa kolumna 250mm, (4) niższa temp 20°C.

Source: FDA Guidance

6× wstrzyknięcie standardu PRZED próbkami. Mierzysz Rs, Tf, RSD, N. Wszystkie muszą być PASS — inaczej nie analizuj. Kryteria: USP .

Source: USP Online

Prep Mistakes That Ruined The Run

Eksport chromatogramu do raportu

Your boss wants a PNG of the chromatogram for a presentation. You only have ChemStation with a .ch file. How to get from .ch → PNG?

Sample Prep Protocol

  1. Dissolve 10 mg of sample in 10 mL of mobile phase (initial composition)
  2. Sonikuj 5 min → vortex 30 s
  3. Filtruj 0.22 μm PTFE (nie PVDF — adsorbuje!)
  4. Transfer 1 mL do HPLC vial z septum PTFE/silikon
  5. Przechowuj 4°C max 48h

Why Filter 0.22 μm?

Particles >0.22 μm clog the column inlet frit. Pressure rises +50 bar per 100 injections. Column lifetime drops from 2000 to 500 injections. Filter cost: 2 PLN. Column cost: 1800 PLN.

Complete Method PDF

Full protocol with all parameters

SOP Template

GMP-compliant SOP template

Validation Protocol

ICH Q2(R1) validation template

Bibliography (.bib)

All references in BibTeX format

Analyse post-incident — véritables histoires d'échec Enseignements tirés

Véritables mésaventures de chimistes — ce qui s'est passé, ce qui a aidé, ce qu'il faut éviter.

Method transfer from Warsaw to Krakow failed

R&D team, 2 sites 2025-09-18 Poziom 5/5
Ce qui s'est passé :

At first we ran it in the Warsaw lab. Transfer to Kraków: every Rt shifted +0.8 min, Rs borderline at 1.9-2.1. Investigation: buffers from different manufacturers (Merck vs Sigma-Aldrich) differed by 0.2 in pH. 6 weeks of transfer revalidation.

💡 Lekcja:

Transfer requires a SPEC for the buffer (manufacturer, grade, LOT). Not just „NH4HCO3 10 mM pH 7.0". Run a preliminary system suitability on the new instrument before the full transfer.

Incorrect integration — publication rejected

Kasia M., PhD Analytical Chemistry, UJ 2025-06-03 Poziom 4/5
Ce qui s'est passé :

Submission to JPBA. Reviewer 2: „Peak at 12.4 min shows manual integration, but baseline slope suggests co-elution". I had to revalidate the whole method. 3 months of delay.

💡 Lekcja:

Manual integration = a red flag for reviewers. Solve CO-ELUTION in methods dev, not in integration. Optimise the gradient instead of force-fitting the peak.

Ask about this method

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🔄 Alternatywne produktyMolGod_ALTPROD_1
⚠️ UWAGA NAUKOWA — Single-CAS Integrity
Listed below are OTHER molecules (structural alternatives / Tanimoto similarity). All physicochemical values (MW, pKa, LD50, GHS, spectra) apply to THESE alternatives, NOT the current molecule (CAS 57-55-6). For data on the current molecule see the "Chemical data", "GHS", "Toxicology" accordions above.
PEG (350/400/600/800/1000/2000)
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PPG (400/700/1000/2000/3000/4000)
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1,1′-Oxydi-2-propanol
Ta sama kategoria · Ta sama kategoria produktu
🧪
N-Hexyl alcohol
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2-Methyl-1,3-Propanediol (MPO)
Ta sama kategoria · Ta sama kategoria produktu
📄 Certificats d'analyse (CoA) CAS 57-55-6 aucun MolGod_COA_2

Aucun certificat pour ce produit dans la base de données.

📚 Références scientifiques (Chicago Author-Date) — cliquez pour développer

Normes de gestion des lots et de certification en laboratoire — 13 sources indépendantes (ICH Q1/Q3/Q6/Q7/Q10 + ISO 17025 + WHO TRS + 21 CFR 211 + EMA + USP + Ph.Eur. + PIC/S + IPEC-PQG).

  1. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2000. "Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients." ICH Expert Working Group. [lien ↗] — GMP for APIs — adopted by EMA, FDA, MHLW
  2. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories." ISO. [lien ↗] — Lab accreditation standard underpinning every CoA
  3. World Health Organization. 2010. "WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceutical Products: Main Principles (WHO Technical Report Series No. 957, Annex 3)." WHO Press. [lien ↗] — WHO TRS No. 957 — global reference for GMP
  4. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2003. "ICH Q1A(R2): Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products." International Council for Harmonisation. [lien ↗] — Source for batch shelf-life and retest dating
  5. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2006. "ICH Q3A(R2): Impurities in New Drug Substances." ICH. [lien ↗]
  6. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1999. "ICH Q6A: Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products." ICH. [lien ↗] — CoA acceptance-criteria specification standard
  7. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2008. "ICH Q10: Pharmaceutical Quality System." ICH. [lien ↗]
  8. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. "21 CFR Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals." US Code of Federal Regulations. [lien ↗] — US legal mandate (Subpart J — Records and Reports)
  9. European Medicines Agency. 2014. "Guideline on Process Validation for Finished Products — Information and Data to Be Provided EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/70278/2012." European Medicines Agency. [lien ↗]
  10. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42." USP. [lien ↗]
  11. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "European Pharmacopoeia 11th Edition." Council of Europe — EDQM. [lien ↗]
  12. Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S). 2021. "Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products PE 009-15." PIC/S Secretariat, Geneva. [lien ↗] — Cross-recognized GMP for 54 inspectorates worldwide
  13. International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) and Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG). 2017. "Joint IPEC-PQG Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients." IPEC-Americas. [lien ↗] — Excipient-grade CoA standard for non-API ingredients
🧮 Ceny hurtowe (B2B)MolGod_BULK_1

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📜 Brevets (métadonnées publiques) aucune donnée MolGod_PATENT_2

Aucune métadonnée de brevet publique n'a été trouvée pour cette substance dans Crossref / OpenAlex pour le moment. Les données seront complétées automatiquement après le rafraîchissement du cache (24h).

📚 Références (Chicago Author-Date) — cliquez pour développer
  1. (2023). "Molecular-Level Interactions in Binary Mixtures of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Ethylsulfate and Propane-1,2-diol: The Interplay between Intermolecular and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c03457
  2. Alexander A. Bredikhin, Zemfira A. Bredikhina, Aida I. Samigullina et al.. (2023). "3-(2-Chloro-5-methylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol". Molbank. https://doi.org/10.3390/M1624
  3. (2022). "Synthesis and Hydrophilicity Analysis of bis(propane-1,2-diol) Terminated Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs).". https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030753
  4. Gudelj M, Šurina P, Jurko L et al.. (2021). "The Additive Influence of Propane-1,2-Diol on SDS Micellar Structure and Properties.". Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123773
  5. et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol (E 1520) as a food additive.". https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5235
  6. et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids (E 477) as a food additive.". https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5497
  7. EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), Younes M, Aggett P et al.. (2018). "Re-evaluation of propane-1,2-diol alginate (E 405) as a food additive.". EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5371
  8. et al.. (2017). "Validated method for the determination of propane-1,2-diol, butane-2,3-diol, and propane-1,3-diol in cheese and bacterial cultures using phenylboronic esterification and GC-MS.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.069
  9. José J. Cano-Gómez, Gustavo A. Iglesias-Silva, Luis D. Cortez-Sánchez et al.. (2017). "Densities and Viscosities for Binary Liquid Mixtures of Butan-1-ol + Propane-1,2-diol, + Butane-1,2-diol and 2-Methylpropan-1-ol + Propane-1,2-diol, + Butane-1,2-diol from 298.15 to 333.15 K at 0.1 MPa". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.7b00621
  10. et al.. (2015). "Solubility and thermodynamic behavior of vanillin in propane-1,2-diol+water cosolvent mixtures at different temperatures.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.113
  11. Changsheng Yang, Xue Feng, Yankai Sun et al.. (2015). "Isobaric Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for Two Binary Systems{Propane-1,2-diol + Ethane-1,2-diol and Propane-1,2-diol + Butane-1,2-diol} at p = (10.0, 20.0, and 40.0) kPa". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. https://doi.org/10.1021/je5010824
  12. et al.. (2012). "3-(4-(tert-Octyl)phenoxy)propane-1,2-diol suppresses inflammatory responses via inhibition of multiple kinases.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2012.02.018
  13. (2005). "Synthesis and stability studies of the glutathione and N-acetylcysteine adducts of an iminoquinone reactive intermediate generated in the biotransformation of 3-(N-phenylamino)propane-1,2-diol: implications for toxic oil syndrome.". https://doi.org/10.1021/tx050171n
  14. et al.. (2005). "Novel mutual pro-drugs of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine with 3-octadecyloxy-propane-1,2-diol by straightforward enzymatic regioselective synthesis in acetone.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-004-7335-1
  15. et al.. (2002). "The crystal structure of coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase in complex with cobalamin and propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03151.x
  16. et al.. (2002). "Occurrence of 3-chloro-propane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and related compounds in foods: a review.". https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210132391
  17. et al.. (1996). "Cryopreservation of human skin with propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1006/cryo.1996.0056
  18. (1990). "Cryopreservation of human platelets with propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(90)90004-n
  19. et al.. (1987). "Perfusion of rabbit kidneys with solutions containing propane-1,2-diol.". https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(87)90045-9
  20. et al.. (1982). "A pharmacological study of propane-1,2-diol.".
  21. World Intellectual Property Organization. 2024. "Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)." https://www.wipo.int/pct/.
  22. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 2024. "USPTO Patent Public Search." https://ppubs.uspto.gov/.
  23. European Patent Office. 2024. "Espacenet Patent Search." https://worldwide.espacenet.com/.
  24. Newman, David J., and Gordon M. Cragg. 2020. "Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01/1981 to 09/2019." Journal of Natural Products 83 (3): 770-803.
  25. Davies, Mark, Michał Nowotka, George Papadatos, et al. 2015. "ChEMBL Web Services: Streamlining Access to Drug Discovery Data and Utilities." Nucleic Acids Research 43 (W1): W612-W620.
  26. Bickerton, G. Richard, Gaia V. Paolini, Jérémy Besnard, Sorel Muresan, and Andrew L. Hopkins. 2012. "Quantifying the Chemical Beauty of Drugs." Nature Chemistry 4 (2): 90-98.
  27. Meanwell, Nicholas A. 2011. "Synopsis of Some Recent Tactical Application of Bioisosteres in Drug Design." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 54 (8): 2529-2591.
  28. Ertl, Peter, and Ansgar Schuffenhauer. 2009. "Estimation of Synthetic Accessibility Score of Drug-Like Molecules Based on Molecular Complexity and Fragment Contributions." Journal of Cheminformatics 1: 8.
  29. Hopkins, Andrew L., and Colin R. Groom. 2002. "The Druggable Genome." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 1 (9): 727-730.
  30. Allison, John R., and Mark A. Lemley. 1998. "Empirical Evidence on the Validity of Litigated Patents." AIPLA Quarterly Journal 26 (3): 185-275.
  31. Patani, George A., and Edmond J. LaVoie. 1996. "Bioisosterism: A Rational Approach in Drug Design." Chemical Reviews 96 (8): 3147-3176.
  32. Lerner, Josh. 1994. "The Importance of Patent Scope: An Empirical Analysis." RAND Journal of Economics 25 (2): 319-333.

REST: /wp-json/molgod/v1/patents/57-55-6?status=active&limit=10

Bibliographie (étendue) (1)

  1. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 LIBRE ❓ non vérifié Anonymous. 2001. "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG-25 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-75 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-120 Propylene Glycol Stearate, PEG-10 Propylene Glycol, PEG-8 Propylene Glycol Cocoate, and PEG-55 Propylene Glycol Oleate." International Journal of Toxicology 20 (6): 13-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/10915810152902556. lien [consulté: 2026-09-21]
Données de PubChemSource : PubChem (NIH) · ChEMBL
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📚 RÉFÉRENCES (Bibliographie agrégée, Chicago Author-Date) 121 éléments

Toutes les sources scientifiques citées dans les accordéons ci-dessus pour le CAS 57-55-6. Format : Chicago Manual of Style, 17e éd., système Auteur-Date.

🗄️ Bases de données scientifiques

  1. NIST. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: CAS 57-55-6. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=57-55-6.
  2. AIST. n.d. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS): CAS 57-55-6. Tsukuba, Japan: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/.
  3. Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18434/T4D303.
  4. PubChem. n.d. PubChem Compound Summary: CAS 57-55-6. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/#query=57-55-6.

📐 Normes / Lignes directrices

  1. ICH. 2003. "Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products: Q1A(R2)." Geneva: International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q1A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2024. "NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=30.
  3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2023. "29 CFR 1910.106 — Flammable Liquids." U.S. Department of Labor, Federal Register. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.106.
  4. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). 2024. "Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) — Harmonised Classification and Labelling." ECHA, Helsinki / Official Journal of the European Union. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/clp/clp-classification.
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms — Part 1: Terminology and performance requirements for chemical risks." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=205:110:::::FSP_PROJECT,FSP_ORG_ID:38536,6080&cs=1B0DAA8B85DF42E4A2C70E5D71F0BFA32.
  6. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2001. "EN 166:2001 — Personal eye-protection — Specifications." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:6541&cs=1F1A4E0A78C4DB6A28DBE2E8C29D89DCF.
  7. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2009. "EN 14605:2005+A1:2009 — Protective clothing against liquid chemicals — Performance requirements for clothing with liquid-tight (Type 3) or spray-tight (Type 4) connections." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:21581&cs=1A04A2D3C7CC58E9E6CB58D55F7EBFB7E.
  8. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2017. "Recommendations for Chemical Protective Clothing: A Companion to the NIOSH Pocket Guide." U.S. Department of Health & Human Services / CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ncpc/default.html.
  9. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2011. "Personal Protective Equipment — General requirements." U.S. Department of Labor — 29 CFR 1910.132. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.132.

📖 Livres

  1. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/Hansen-Solubility-Parameters-A-Users-Handbook/Hansen/p/book/9780849372483.
  2. Barton, Allan F. M. 1991. CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters: 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/CRC-Handbook-of-Solubility-Parameters-and-Other-Cohesion-Parameters/Barton/p/book/9780849301766.
  3. Connors, Kenneth A., Gordon L. Amidon, and Valentino J. Stella. 1986. Chemical Stability of Pharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Pharmacists, 2nd ed.. New York: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471734683.
  4. Rumble, John R., ed. 2019. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 100th Edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://hbcp.chemnetbase.com/.
  5. Urben, Peter G. 2017. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th Edition. Academic Press / Elsevier, Oxford. https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780081010594.

📄 Articles scientifiques (évalués par les pairs)

  1. Stefanis, Emmanuel, and Costas Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." International Journal of Thermophysics 29: 568-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z.
  2. Stoll, Vincent S., and John S. Blanchard. 1990. "Buffers: Principles and Practice: In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 182." San Diego: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)82008-P.

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