Does BMA mean n-butyl methacrylate or isobutyl methacrylate?

In most commercial usage the bare abbreviation means the normal isomer, n-butyl methacrylate, CAS 97-88-1. The branched isomer, isobutyl methacrylate, is a different substance with its own identifiers and a different contribution to copolymer hardness, and the tertiary isomer is different again. Because all three are abbreviated loosely in day-to-day correspondence, an order written as BMA alone is ambiguous. Write the full chemical name and the CAS number on every enquiry, purchase order and goods-inwards record.

Why must the monomer not be blanketed with pure nitrogen?

Because the stabiliser used in commercial methacrylate monomers requires dissolved oxygen to function. It intercepts radicals by a mechanism that consumes oxygen, so a drum stripped of oxygen contains an inhibitor that is chemically present and functionally absent. The correct headspace is air, or air diluted with nitrogen to a specified oxygen content, never an inert blanket. This is one of the very few cases in a chemical store where displacing oxygen makes a material more dangerous rather than less, and it catches people whose instinct is trained on flammable solvents.

How should inhibitor content be read on a certificate?

As a starting condition rather than a permanent property. The certificate reports the inhibitor level at release; that level falls in storage as the stabiliser does its job, and it falls faster in warm conditions, in light and in the presence of contamination. A long-stored drum can meet its original certificate on every other line while having very little inhibitor left. Where storage has been long or uncertain, retest the inhibitor level before charging a reactor rather than relying on the release figure.

What is popcorn polymerisation and why does it matter here?

It is a self-propagating, expanding polymer growth that forms in dead legs, vapour spaces, valve bonnets and residues where inhibitor cannot reach. Once seeded it continues under conditions that would not start a normal polymerisation, and it grows mechanically enough to jam valves and distort equipment. The controls are housekeeping controls: no unswept dead legs, no long-standing residues, no lines left full between campaigns, and clean vessels before refilling. It is not a reason to avoid methacrylate monomers, but it is a reason to design the pipework as if the monomer were reactive, because it is.

How does the butyl ester change a copolymer compared with the methyl one?

The four-carbon ester side chain is flexible and bulky, so it loosens chain packing and lowers the temperature at which the polymer softens. Against the methyl ester it gives a softer, more flexible and more extensible polymer, better adhesion and easier film formation, at the cost of hardness and block resistance. Against the corresponding acrylate it gives a harder polymer with the weathering advantage of the methacrylate backbone. Formulators use it as the soft component of an all-methacrylate system, which keeps the durability while tuning flexibility.

What is L-threonine zwitterion?

L-threonine zwitterion is a chemical compound registered under CAS number 72-19-5. Molecular formula: C4H9NO3. Molar mass: 119.12 g/mol. IUPAC: (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid.

What is the CAS number of L-threonine zwitterion?

The CAS number of L-threonine zwitterion is 72-19-5 — a unique Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) identifier.

What is the molecular formula of L-threonine zwitterion?

Molecular formula: C4H9NO3. Molar mass: 119.12 g/mol. logP (XLogP3): -2.9. PSA: 83.6 Å².

Where can I buy L-threonine zwitterion?

L-threonine zwitterion is available in our shop. View the product: https://epchems.online/products/l-threonine/

Where does the chemical data for L-threonine zwitterion come from?

Chemical data for L-threonine zwitterion comes from authoritative sources: PubChem (NIH), ChEMBL (EBI). PubChem CID: 6288. Compliant with the CLP Regulation (EC 1272/2008), available under the CC-BY 4.0 licence.

L-threonine zwitterion

CAS 72-19-5 · C₄H₉NO₃ · MW 119.12 g/mol

About L-threonine zwitterion

L-threonine zwitterion is a chemical compound registered under number CAS 72-19-5, with the molecular formula C₄H₉NO₃, and a molar mass of 119.12 g/mol.

The molecule contains 17 atoms connected by 16 chemical bonds. The full systematic IUPAC name of this compound is (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid. The interactive 3D model above lets you view the spatial arrangement of the atoms — you can rotate it with the mouse, zoom with the scroll wheel, and switch between skeletal / Ball & Stick / Space Fill visualization modes.

In terms of physicochemical properties, the partition coefficient logP = -2.9 (negative value, a hydrophilic compound), polar surface area PSA = 83.6 Å², 3 donors and 4 hydrogen bond acceptors. These parameters are key when assessing bioavailability and interaction with biomolecules.

Chemical data for this compound comes from PubChem (NIH NLM NCBI), one of the world's largest chemical databases. All information is updated automatically and enriched with GHS hazard statement translations compliant with the CLP Regulation (EC 1272/2008). The widget above may be used for educational, research and commercial purposes.

Physicochemical properties

Wzór sumaryczny	C₄H₉NO₃
Masa molowa	119.12 g/mol
IUPAC	(2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
SMILES	`C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)O)N)O`
InChIKey	`AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N`
logP (XLogP3)	-2.9
PSA	83.6 Å²
HBD / HBA	3 / 4
PubChem CID	CID 6288 ↗

Scientific literature

Literatura naukowa

10 artykułów · 7 open access · Źródła: PubMed, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar

📈 Timeline publikacji (10 artykułów)

Wysokość słupka = liczba artykułów w roku. Hover dla szczegółów.

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Heat Capacities of L-Cysteine, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Lysine, and L-Methionine

Václav Pokorný, Vojtěch Štejfa, Jakub Havlín et al. (2023) · Molecules

Cytowania: 27Open AccessDOI ↗PDF ↗

Synthesis of (2R, 3S)- or (2S, 3R)-2-amino-3-trifluoromethyl-3-hydroxyalkanoic acid derivatives (threonine and allo-threonine analogs) from enantiopure 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxybutanoic acid

Andrea R. Sting, Dieter Seebach (1996) · Tetrahedron

Cytowania: 34$ PaywallDOI ↗

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Threonine-rich carboxyl-terminal extension drives aggregation of stalled polypeptides.

Chang WD, Yoon MJ, Yeo KH et al. (2024) · Molecular cell

Open AccessDOI ↗PubMed ↗PDF ↗

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Comprehensive analysis of peripheral blood free amino acids in MASLD: the impact of glycine-serine-threonine metabolism.

Mino M, Kakazu E, Sano A et al. (2024) · Amino acids

Open AccessDOI ↗PubMed ↗PDF ↗

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Glycosylation of serine/threonine-rich intrinsically disordered regions of membrane-associated proteins in streptococci.

Rahman MM, Zamakhaeva S, Rush JS et al. (2025) · Nature communications

Open AccessDOI ↗PubMed ↗PDF ↗

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Threonine phosphorylation of STAT1 safeguards gut epithelial integrity and restricts interferon-mediated cytotoxicity.

Metwally H, Elbrashy MM, Kayama H et al. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Open AccessDOI ↗PubMed ↗PDF ↗

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Threonine fuels glioblastoma through YRDC-mediated codon-biased translational reprogramming.

Wu X, Yuan H, Wu Q et al. (2024) · Nature cancer

Open AccessDOI ↗PubMed ↗PDF ↗

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An atlas of substrate specificities for the human serine/threonine kinome.

Johnson JL, Yaron TM, Huntsman EM et al. (2023) · Nature

Open AccessDOI ↗PubMed ↗PDF ↗

A novel O-GlcNAcylation at threonine 71 of histone H4 is a component of heterochromatin.

Hayakawa K, Hirosawa M, Nara D et al. (2025) · Journal of biochemistry

$ PaywallDOI ↗PubMed ↗

ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (2R,3S)‐ or (2S,3R)‐2‐Amino‐3‐trifluoromethyl‐3‐ hydroxyalkanoic Acid Derivatives (Threonine and allo‐Threonine Analogues) from Enantiopure 4,4,4‐Trifluoro‐3‐hydroxybutanoic Acid.

A. R. STING, D. SEEBACH (1996) · ChemInform

$ PaywallDOI ↗

Dane z PubMed (NIH NLM), OpenAlex (CC0), Semantic Scholar (AI2). AI Summary wygenerowane przez Semantic Scholar TLDR. Artykuły z ikoną wymagają płatnego dostępu.

Synonyms

L-threonine · threonine · 72-19-5 · (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid · Threonin · L-(-)-Threonine · (S)-Threonine · 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid · Treonina · (2S,3R)-2-Amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid · Threoninum · L-Threonin · L-thr · (2S)-threonine · L-2-Amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid

Data sources

📊 PubChem CID 6288 — NIH
🔬 NIST WebBook — spektroskopia
🌐 Wikidata
💊 ChEMBL — bioaktywność

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