Does BMA mean n-butyl methacrylate or isobutyl methacrylate?

In most commercial usage the bare abbreviation means the normal isomer, n-butyl methacrylate, CAS 97-88-1. The branched isomer, isobutyl methacrylate, is a different substance with its own identifiers and a different contribution to copolymer hardness, and the tertiary isomer is different again. Because all three are abbreviated loosely in day-to-day correspondence, an order written as BMA alone is ambiguous. Write the full chemical name and the CAS number on every enquiry, purchase order and goods-inwards record.

Why must the monomer not be blanketed with pure nitrogen?

Because the stabiliser used in commercial methacrylate monomers requires dissolved oxygen to function. It intercepts radicals by a mechanism that consumes oxygen, so a drum stripped of oxygen contains an inhibitor that is chemically present and functionally absent. The correct headspace is air, or air diluted with nitrogen to a specified oxygen content, never an inert blanket. This is one of the very few cases in a chemical store where displacing oxygen makes a material more dangerous rather than less, and it catches people whose instinct is trained on flammable solvents.

How should inhibitor content be read on a certificate?

As a starting condition rather than a permanent property. The certificate reports the inhibitor level at release; that level falls in storage as the stabiliser does its job, and it falls faster in warm conditions, in light and in the presence of contamination. A long-stored drum can meet its original certificate on every other line while having very little inhibitor left. Where storage has been long or uncertain, retest the inhibitor level before charging a reactor rather than relying on the release figure.

What is popcorn polymerisation and why does it matter here?

It is a self-propagating, expanding polymer growth that forms in dead legs, vapour spaces, valve bonnets and residues where inhibitor cannot reach. Once seeded it continues under conditions that would not start a normal polymerisation, and it grows mechanically enough to jam valves and distort equipment. The controls are housekeeping controls: no unswept dead legs, no long-standing residues, no lines left full between campaigns, and clean vessels before refilling. It is not a reason to avoid methacrylate monomers, but it is a reason to design the pipework as if the monomer were reactive, because it is.

How does the butyl ester change a copolymer compared with the methyl one?

The four-carbon ester side chain is flexible and bulky, so it loosens chain packing and lowers the temperature at which the polymer softens. Against the methyl ester it gives a softer, more flexible and more extensible polymer, better adhesion and easier film formation, at the cost of hardness and block resistance. Against the corresponding acrylate it gives a harder polymer with the weathering advantage of the methacrylate backbone. Formulators use it as the soft component of an all-methacrylate system, which keeps the durability while tuning flexibility.

Toluene is a chemical compound registered under CAS number 108-88-3. Molecular formula: C7H8. Molar mass: 92.14 g/mol.

What is the CAS number of Toluene?

The CAS number of Toluene is 108-88-3 — a unique Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) identifier.

What is the molecular formula of Toluene?

Molecular formula: C7H8. Molar mass: 92.14 g/mol. logP (XLogP3): 2.73.

What are the GHS hazards of Toluene?

Under the GHS classification, Toluene must be labelled with the following hazard statements: H225 (Highly flammable liquid and vapour), H304 (May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways), H315 (Causes skin irritation), H336 (May cause drowsiness or dizziness), H361d (Podejrzewa się, że działa szkodliwie na dziecko w łonie matki).

Where can I buy Toluene?

Toluene is available in our shop. View the product: https://epchems.online/products/toluene/

Where does the chemical data for Toluene come from?

Chemical data for Toluene comes from authoritative sources: PubChem (NIH). PubChem CID: 1140. Compliant with the CLP Regulation (EC 1272/2008), available under the CC-BY 4.0 licence.

Toluene

Toluen

CAS 108-88-3 · C₇H₈ · MW 92.14 g/mol

About Toluene

Toluene is a chemical compound registered under number CAS 108-88-3, with the molecular formula C₇H₈, and a molar mass of 92.14 g/mol.

The molecule contains 15 atoms connected by 15 chemical bonds. The interactive 3D model above lets you view the spatial arrangement of the atoms — you can rotate it with the mouse, zoom with the scroll wheel, and switch between skeletal / Ball & Stick / Space Fill visualization modes.

In terms of physicochemical properties, the partition coefficient logP = 2.73 (positive value, a lipophilic compound). These parameters are key when assessing bioavailability and interaction with biomolecules.

Chemical data for this compound comes from PubChem (NIH NLM NCBI), one of the world's largest chemical databases. All information is updated automatically and enriched with GHS hazard statement translations compliant with the CLP Regulation (EC 1272/2008). The widget above may be used for educational, research and commercial purposes.

Physicochemical properties

Wzór sumaryczny	C₇H₈
Masa molowa	92.14 g/mol
IUPAC	—
SMILES	`Cc1ccccc1`
InChIKey	—
logP (XLogP3)	2.73
PSA	—
HBD / HBA	—
PubChem CID	CID 1140 ↗

GHS safety

Sygnał: Niebezpieczeństwo

GHS02

GHS07

GHS08

H225 — Wysoce łatwopalna ciecz i pary

H304 — Połknięcie i dostanie się przez drogi oddechowe może grozić śmiercią

H315 — Działa drażniąco na skórę

H336 — Może wywoływać uczucie senności lub zawroty głowy

? — H361d

H373 — Może powodować uszkodzenie narządów poprzez długotrwałe lub powtarzane narażenie

Scientific literature

Literatura naukowa

6 artykułów · 2 open access · Źródła: PubMed, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar

📈 Timeline publikacji (6 artykułów)

Wysokość słupka = liczba artykułów w roku. Hover dla szczegółów.

Toluene : CAS# 108-88-3 [Spanish]

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Chemobiological synthesis of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene from glucose or glycerol.

Zou X, Kim T, Luo ZW et al. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Open AccessDOI ↗PubMed ↗PDF ↗

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Toluene-2-monooxygenase expression and trichloroethene oxidizing activity of Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4 grown on benzyl alcohol and benzyl esters.

Saito AM, Oyarzún AP, Hyman MR et al. (2025) · Applied microbiology and biotechnology

Open AccessDOI ↗PubMed ↗PDF ↗

Application of static headspace GC-MS for detection of residual trichloroethylene and toluene solvents in β-cyclodextrin.

Kim YK, Kwon SY, Seo YS et al. (2024) · Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)

$ PaywallDOI ↗PubMed ↗

A novel agent, p-toluenesulfonamide, in the management of malignant pleural effusions.

Luo YH, Yang CC, Wu SC et al. (2025) · Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

$ PaywallDOI ↗PubMed ↗

Prenatal exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) and the risk of autism spectrum disorders in children aged 16-37 months: A prospective cohort study.

Hashemi F, Hoepner L, Hashemi H et al. (2025) · Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

$ PaywallDOI ↗PubMed ↗

Dane z PubMed (NIH NLM), OpenAlex (CC0), Semantic Scholar (AI2). AI Summary wygenerowane przez Semantic Scholar TLDR. Artykuły z ikoną wymagają płatnego dostępu.

Synonyms

Toluene · Methylbenzene

Data sources

📊 PubChem CID 1140 — NIH
🔬 NIST WebBook — spektroskopia
💊 ChEMBL — bioaktywność

Buy in the shop

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Related molecules

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